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Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter

active
Science ExplorationinterplanetaryCOSPAR 2005-029ALaunched 8/12/2005
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Mission & Launch
Launch Mission
MRO
Launch Vehicle
Atlas V 401
Launch Date
8/12/2005
Orbit & Mass
Orbit Class
interplanetary
Altitude
-30,807.5 km
Inclination
40.72 deg
Dry Mass
984 kg
Total Mass
2,180 kg
Payload Classification
Mission Type
Science Exploration
Payload Category
PLAN
Payload Class
C
Organizations
Operator
NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory
Manufacturer
Lockheed Martin
Registry
COSPAR ID
2005-029A
UN Registration
ST/SG/SER.E/482
Track
Mentions
26
All verified mentions of this spacecraft in source documents.
0.0-5.0
Actions

NASA monitored the Mars flyby through the Deep Space Network with navigation data from Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter and Perseverance.

CapabilityGeneralValue 3.0May 19, 2026La sonda Psyche de la NASA sobrevuela Marte en su misión hacia un asteroide metálico
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NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter has a wingspan of 13.6 m and a height of 6.5 m.

CapabilityGeneralValue 4.0Mar 19, 2026ESA, NASA to address Artemis after shutdown of Mars Earth Return Orbiter; Iris2 milestone in April; Launcher Challenge adapts to Orbex exit

Mars Global Localization enables Perseverance to stop, autonomously match a newly acquired 360-degree panorama to Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter maps, and continue along a preplanned route without waiting for human confirmation.

CapabilityPlanValue 5.0Feb 26, 2026Perseverance rover now self-locates precisely on Mars

For each of the 264 stops in the validation campaign, the localization algorithm matched rover panoramas to Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter images and recovered the rover’s true position.

CapabilityGeneralValue 4.2Feb 26, 2026Perseverance rover now self-locates precisely on Mars

The AI system processed high-resolution orbital images from the HiRISE camera on NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter together with terrain slope data from digital elevation models.

CapabilityValue 3.6Feb 7, 2026Perseverance rover completes landmark AI guided trek across Jezero rim

The INAF study is based on nearly 1,500 observations acquired by the CRISM (Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars) instrument on NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter.

CapabilityGeneralValue 4.0Jan 17, 2026Studio INAF analizza la composizione delle argille marziane

Researchers combined high resolution color and stereo images from CaSSIS, Mars Express, and Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter to reconstruct the ancient Martian ocean.

GeneralCapabilityValue 3.2Jan 13, 2026Ancient deltas reveal vast Martian ocean across northern hemisphere

The remaining orbiters that NASA refers to are the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) and Mars Odyssey.

GeneralValue 2.0Dec 17, 2025NASA火星探査機「MAVEN」、応答せず–機体回転か、復旧活動続く

With MAVEN currently offline, Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, Odyssey, and ESA's Trace Gas Orbiter are carrying a larger share of relay duties.

CapabilityGeneralValue 3.2Dec 15, 2025Maven stays silent after routine pass behind Mars

The Mars Relay Network has redundancy through other orbiters like the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) and the European Space Agency's Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO).

CapabilityValue 3.5Dec 9, 2025NASA Loses Contact with MAVEN Mars Orbiter

NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) observed interstellar comet 3I/ATLAS from 19 million miles (30 million kilometers) away on October 2.

CapabilityValue 4.0Nov 26, 2025NASA's Mars Spacecraft Capture Images of Comet 3I/ATLAS

NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter has revisited a feature buried beneath ice at Mars' south pole.

GeneralCapabilityValue 3.0Nov 26, 2025NASA Orbiter Shines New Light on Long-Running Martian Mystery

Bickel and colleagues analyzed more than two million slope streaks captured by NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter between 2006 and 2024.

GeneralValue 2.6Nov 12, 2025Dust and Sand Movements Reshape Martian Slopes

Researchers mapped glacial landforms on Mars using high-resolution imagery from NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter.

GeneralCapabilityValue 3.0Oct 14, 2025Martian craters record repeated ice ages as planetary ice stores dwindle

Olsen relies on temperature data from the Mars Climate Sounder aboard NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter to pinpoint occasions when the vortex distorts.

CapabilityValue 3.0Sep 26, 2025Mars polar vortex traps cold and builds seasonal ozone layer

The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter cost more than $700 million.

FinancialGeneralValue 4.2Oct 7, 2024Cubesats are changing the way we explore the solar system

Each PREFIRE spacecraft carries a far-infrared spectrometer derived from an instrument flown on the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter to measure infrared fluxes between 5 and 54 microns.

CapabilityValue 4.5Aug 15, 2023Rocket Lab to launch pair of NASA Earth science cubesats

The HiRISE camera aboard NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter captured images of the Zhurong rover on 2022-03-11, 2022-09-08, and 2023-02-07.

CapabilityGeneralValue 4.0Feb 21, 2023NASA Mars orbiter reveals China’s Zhurong rover has not moved for months

The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) mission was launched in 2005.

GeneralPlanValue 3.0Apr 18, 2022Mars scientists look to less expensive missions

NASA’s Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter captured HiRISE images of Zhurong and its landing platform on 2021-06-06 and 2021-06-11, providing evidence of Zhurong’s driving activity.

GeneralCapabilityValue 3.0Jun 27, 2021China’s Zhurong rover returns landing footage and sounds from Mars