Polaris Intelligence
Polaris
Intelligence
About
Ctrl K
Sign in
© Polaris Intelligence 2026
PrivacyTermsAdmin
Launch Vehicles
Vehicle family profile

Soyuz

Союз

Family-level launch record combining canonical variants, historical missions, public cadence forecasts, and available payload performance specs.

Progress Rocket Space CenterActive
Admin
Variants
14
Canonical variants linked to this family.
Historical missions
1,120
Missions in the public mission table with actual launch dates.
Peak listed capacity
8,320 kg
Maximum payload capacity across listed variants and orbits.

Launch Cadence

Historical missions are grouped by actual launch year. Forecast cadence uses family-level launch-rate rows.

YearHistorical missionsForecast launches
2019160
2020150
2021210
2022170
2023150
2024140
2025120
202668
202708
202808
202908
203008
203108
203208
203308
203408
203508

Performance Specs

Payload capacity by variant and target orbit when structured capacity rows are available.

VariantOrbitCapacityAltitudeInclinationSource
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
LEO8,320 kg200 km51.7 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
LEO8,200 kg200 km51.8 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page

Recent Missions

Latest launched missions using variants in this family.

MissionVariantLaunch
Progress MS-34 Mission
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Apr 25, 2026
Kosmos-2609/2612?
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Apr 16, 2026
Meridian No. 21L?
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
Apr 3, 2026
Rassvet-3 G1

Variants

Canonical variants rolled up into this launch vehicle family.

VariantStagesMissionsStatus
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Not stated57Active
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
Not stated23Active
Soyuz-2-1A Volga
Not stated1Retired
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Not stated24
203608
203708
203808
203908
204008
204108

Forecast Location Split

1 launch location represented.

YearLocationLaunchesConfidenceBasis
2026Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2027Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2028Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2029Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2030Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2031Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2032Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2033Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2034Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2035Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2036Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2037Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2038Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2039Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2040Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2041Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability. Site-year coverage backfill copied nearest prior...
Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2026 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2027 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2028 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2029 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2030 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2031 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
LEO7,150 kg200 km51.7 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
LEO7,020 kg200 km51.8 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
LEO6,900 kgUnknownUnknownManual variant fallback from Soyuz-2-1B family capacity.
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
LEO6,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Polar6,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Polar5,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
LEO5,900 kgUnknownUnknownManual variant fallback from Soyuz-2-1A family capacity.
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
LEO5,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
SSO4,900 kg660 kmUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User's Manual Issue 2.1, May 2018
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
SSO4,450 kg660 kmUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User's Manual Issue 2.1, May 2018
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
GTO3,250 kgUnknownUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual Issue 2.1
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
TLI1,800 kgUnknownUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual; Soyuz/Fregat lunar mission heritage
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
TLI1,500 kgUnknownUnknownRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
TLI1,500 kgUnknownUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual; Soyuz/Fregat high-energy mission heritage
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Mar 23, 2026
Progress MS-33 Mission
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Mar 22, 2026
Kosmos-2600-2608?
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
Feb 5, 2026
Aist-2T No. 1/2
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
Dec 28, 2025
Obzor-R No. 1 Mission
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Dec 25, 2025

Forecasted Missions

Upcoming mission rows with announced launch timing.

MissionVariantAnnounced

No forecasted missions

No upcoming announced mission rows are linked to this vehicle family.

Active
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
Not stated59Active
Soyuz-FG
Not stated60Retired
Soyuz-FG Fregat
Not stated10Retired
Soyuz-ST-A Fregat
Not stated9Retired
Soyuz-ST-B Fregat
Not stated18Retired
Soyuz-U
Not stated633Retired
Soyuz-U2
Not stated72Retired
Soyuz-U-PVB
Not stated144Retired
Soyuz-U-PVB Fregat
Not stated4Retired
Soyuz-U-PVB Ikar
Not stated6Retired
Track
Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2032 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2033 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2034 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2035 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2036 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2037 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Mentions
1153
All verified mentions of this launch vehicle family in source documents.
0.0-5.0
Actions

The Soyuz MS-11 spacecraft docked with the Poisk module on the station’s Russian segment at 12:33 p.m. Eastern on 2018-12-03, with hatches between the Soyuz and the station opening two hours later.

PlanValue 4.0Dec 3, 2018Soyuz launches new crew to space station

Four Soyuz launches took place after the 2018-10-11 failure and conducted without incident.

General
Page54of58
Plan
Value 2.0
Dec 3, 2018
Soyuz launches new crew to space station

The Soyuz MS-11 spacecraft lifted off from the Baikonur Cosmodrome at 6:31 a.m. Eastern on 2018-12-03 and reached orbit nine minutes later.

PlanValue 4.0Dec 3, 2018Soyuz launches new crew to space station

Nick Hague and Alexey Ovchinin were crew members on Soyuz MS-10, which launched 2018-10-11 from the Baikonur Cosmodrome.

CapabilityGeneralValue 3.5Dec 3, 2018Crew from aborted Soyuz mission to get second chance at ISS mission

A Russian Soyuz rocket launched 73 satellites six months after ISRO’s 2017 mission, though a few were unresponsive after launch.

PlanValue 3.0Dec 3, 2018SpaceX launches all-smallsat Falcon 9 mission

Soyuz MS-12 will launch to the International Space Station 2018-02-28 and return in October.

PlanValue 4.0Dec 3, 2018Crew from aborted Soyuz mission to get second chance at ISS mission

The Soyuz MS-11 crew’s launch date was moved up from 2018-12-20 so they could overlap with the current ISS crew, requiring compression of their final training schedule.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Dec 3, 2018Soyuz launches new crew to space station

Oleg Kononenko and Sergey Prokopyev were scheduled to perform a spacewalk on 2018-12-11 to inspect the exterior of the Soyuz MS-09 spacecraft.

PlanValue 4.0Dec 3, 2018Soyuz launches new crew to space station

The Soyuz MS-09 spacecraft currently at the station is scheduled to depart on 2018-12-20 and return three ISS crewmembers to Earth.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Nov 17, 2018Antares launches Cygnus cargo spacecraft to ISS

Soyuz MS-11 is scheduled to launch on 2018-12-03 carrying NASA astronaut Anne McClain, Roscosmos cosmonaut Oleg Kononenko, and Canadian Space Agency astronaut David Saint-Jacques.

PlanGrowthValue 4.0Nov 13, 2018ISS science not affected by smaller crew

Metop-A was launched in 2006 on a Soyuz rocket from Kazakhstan.

PlanCapabilityValue 3.0Nov 6, 2018Soyuz launches European weather satellite

A Soyuz rocket launched a military payload from the Plesetsk Cosmodrome on 2018-10-24.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Nov 6, 2018Soyuz launches European weather satellite

A Soyuz ST-B rocket launched the Metop-C European weather satellite on 2018-11-06 from the Guiana Space Center in French Guiana.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Nov 6, 2018Soyuz launches European weather satellite

Metop-B was launched in 2012 on a Soyuz rocket from Kazakhstan.

GeneralPlanValue 4.0Nov 6, 2018Soyuz launches European weather satellite

A Soyuz rocket launched a Glonass navigation satellite from Plesetsk on 2018-11-03.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Nov 6, 2018Soyuz launches European weather satellite

NASA announced a media availability for Anne McClain for the Soyuz MS-11 mission and targeted her and her crewmates to launch on 2018-12-03 and remain on the ISS until 2019-06-01.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Nov 1, 2018Crewed Soyuz flights set to resume after Russia blames close call on final-assembly error

ELSA-d is scheduled to launch in early 2020 on a Soyuz rocket and will include target and chaser satellites to demonstrate rendezvous and proximity operations.

PlanCapabilityValue 4.0Oct 31, 2018Orbital debris removal company Astroscale raises $50 million

Jeanette Epps was assigned by NASA in January 2017 to the crew of Expeditions 56 and 57 to launch to the International Space Station on a Soyuz spacecraft in mid-2018.

GovernancePlanValue 4.0Oct 30, 2018NASA astronaut still baffled by removal from ISS mission

Arianespace does not launch crewed Soyuz missions and uses a modified, Europeanized Soyuz to launch satellites.

CapabilityGeneralValue 3.6Oct 30, 2018Arianespace Soyuz launch schedule unaffected by Russian MS-10 failure

Russia’s Ministry of Defense launched a Soyuz rocket on 2018-10-24 from the Plesetsk Cosmodrome.

PlanCapabilityValue 4.0Oct 30, 2018Arianespace Soyuz launch schedule unaffected by Russian MS-10 failure