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Launch Vehicles
Vehicle family profile

Soyuz

Союз

Family-level launch record combining canonical variants, historical missions, public cadence forecasts, and available payload performance specs.

Progress Rocket Space CenterActive
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Variants
14
Canonical variants linked to this family.
Historical missions
1,120
Missions in the public mission table with actual launch dates.
Peak listed capacity
8,320 kg
Maximum payload capacity across listed variants and orbits.

Launch Cadence

Historical missions are grouped by actual launch year. Forecast cadence uses family-level launch-rate rows.

YearHistorical missionsForecast launches
2019160
2020150
2021210
2022170
2023150
2024140
2025120
202668
202708
202808
202908
203008
203108
203208
203308
203408
203508

Performance Specs

Payload capacity by variant and target orbit when structured capacity rows are available.

VariantOrbitCapacityAltitudeInclinationSource
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
LEO8,320 kg200 km51.7 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
LEO8,200 kg200 km51.8 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page

Recent Missions

Latest launched missions using variants in this family.

MissionVariantLaunch
Progress MS-34 Mission
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Apr 25, 2026
Kosmos-2609/2612?
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Apr 16, 2026
Meridian No. 21L?
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
Apr 3, 2026
Rassvet-3 G1

Variants

Canonical variants rolled up into this launch vehicle family.

VariantStagesMissionsStatus
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Not stated57Active
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
Not stated23Active
Soyuz-2-1A Volga
Not stated1Retired
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Not stated24
203608
203708
203808
203908
204008
204108

Forecast Location Split

1 launch location represented.

YearLocationLaunchesConfidenceBasis
2026Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2027Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2028Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2029Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2030Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2031Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2032Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2033Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2034Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2035Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2036Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2037Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2038Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2039Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2040Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2041Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability. Site-year coverage backfill copied nearest prior...
Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2026 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2027 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2028 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2029 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2030 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2031 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
LEO7,150 kg200 km51.7 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
LEO7,020 kg200 km51.8 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
LEO6,900 kgUnknownUnknownManual variant fallback from Soyuz-2-1B family capacity.
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
LEO6,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Polar6,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Polar5,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
LEO5,900 kgUnknownUnknownManual variant fallback from Soyuz-2-1A family capacity.
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
LEO5,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
SSO4,900 kg660 kmUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User's Manual Issue 2.1, May 2018
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
SSO4,450 kg660 kmUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User's Manual Issue 2.1, May 2018
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
GTO3,250 kgUnknownUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual Issue 2.1
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
TLI1,800 kgUnknownUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual; Soyuz/Fregat lunar mission heritage
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
TLI1,500 kgUnknownUnknownRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
TLI1,500 kgUnknownUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual; Soyuz/Fregat high-energy mission heritage
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Mar 23, 2026
Progress MS-33 Mission
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Mar 22, 2026
Kosmos-2600-2608?
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
Feb 5, 2026
Aist-2T No. 1/2
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
Dec 28, 2025
Obzor-R No. 1 Mission
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Dec 25, 2025

Forecasted Missions

Upcoming mission rows with announced launch timing.

MissionVariantAnnounced

No forecasted missions

No upcoming announced mission rows are linked to this vehicle family.

Active
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
Not stated59Active
Soyuz-FG
Not stated60Retired
Soyuz-FG Fregat
Not stated10Retired
Soyuz-ST-A Fregat
Not stated9Retired
Soyuz-ST-B Fregat
Not stated18Retired
Soyuz-U
Not stated633Retired
Soyuz-U2
Not stated72Retired
Soyuz-U-PVB
Not stated144Retired
Soyuz-U-PVB Fregat
Not stated4Retired
Soyuz-U-PVB Ikar
Not stated6Retired
Track
Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2032 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2033 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2034 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2035 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2036 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2037 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Mentions
1153
All verified mentions of this launch vehicle family in source documents.
0.0-5.0
Actions

OneWeb’s first six satellites were scheduled to launch 2019-02-19 from French Guiana on an Arianespace-operated Soyuz.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Jan 25, 2019Wyler claims breakthrough in low-cost antenna for OneWeb, other satellite systems
Page53of58

The six OneWeb satellites shipped to French Guiana are scheduled to launch on 2019-02-19 on an Arianespace-operated Soyuz rocket.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Jan 23, 2019FIRST UP Satcom | First OneWeb satellites shipped for launch • Laser ground stations linked to Facebook

Mike Fincke flew on two long-duration International Space Station missions on Soyuz spacecraft in 2004 and 2008–2009.

GeneralCapabilityPlanValue 3.0Jan 22, 2019NASA changes crew for Boeing commercial crew test flight

The Soyuz mission carrying the UAE astronaut was delayed until the fall because of schedule changes to Soyuz missions prompted by the October 2018 Soyuz MS-10 launch failure that aborted that mission to the International Space Station.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Jan 22, 2019UAE to establish space investment plan

ESA considers starting production of Ariane 6 very soon necessary to allow Ariane 6 and Vega C to replace Ariane 5, Soyuz and Vega during a transition period from 2020 to 2023.

PlanGrowthValue 4.0Jan 18, 2019Arianespace says full Ariane 6 production held up by missing government contracts

During the 2014 Crimea crisis, Dmitry Rogozin threatened to ban exports of RD-180 engines and to deny access to Soyuz seats for flights to the International Space Station.

LegalPlanValue 3.5Jan 15, 2019Bridenstine and Rogozin speak by phone after canceled visit

Those three Arianespace Soyuz launches in 2019 will take place from the Guiana Space Center in French Guiana.

PlanValue 3.0Jan 15, 2019Arianespace targets 12 launches this year, more counting OneWeb, Vega C debut

Arianespace won a OneWeb launch contract in 2015 for 21 Soyuz missions and initially planned for most of those missions to take place in Baikonur.

RelationshipsPlanValue 4.2Jan 15, 2019Arianespace targets 12 launches this year, more counting OneWeb, Vega C debut

Arianespace launched 11 times in 2018: six Ariane 5 missions, three Soyuz missions, and two Vega missions.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Jan 15, 2019Arianespace targets 12 launches this year, more counting OneWeb, Vega C debut

The three missions that did not take place in 2018—the Arabsat-ISRO Ariane 5, OneWeb’s first Soyuz, and the Italian Space Agency’s Vega launch of Prisma—are on Arianespace’s 2019 manifest.

PlanGeneralValue 3.0Jan 15, 2019Arianespace targets 12 launches this year, more counting OneWeb, Vega C debut

ISL has capacity on Soyuz launches planned through 2021 and will continue cooperation with GK Launch Services.

PlanRelationshipsValue 3.8Dec 27, 2018Successful ISILaunch24 campaign – 14 satellites sent to space

ISL has launched more than 50 satellites on Soyuz rockets as part of a track record of more than 300 satellites brought to orbit in total.

CapabilityGeneralValue 3.0Dec 27, 2018Successful ISILaunch24 campaign – 14 satellites sent to space

The Vostochny Cosmodrome hosted its first successful flight of commercial payloads on 2018-12-27 using a Soyuz 2.1A rocket.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Dec 27, 2018Russia inaugurates Vostochny Cosmodrome with semi-commercial Soyuz launch

Roscosmos is the Russian space agency that builds and launches Soyuz spacecraft.

CapabilityValue 1.2Dec 20, 2018Soyuz crew returns to Earth after memorable 6 months in space

On 2018-12-03, Sergey Prokopyev and Oleg Kononenko conducted an external inspection of the patched Soyuz hole that involved using a large space knife to stab the spacecraft.

CapabilityValue 3.8Dec 20, 2018Soyuz crew returns to Earth after memorable 6 months in space

Arianespace completed its final launch of the year on 2018-12-19 by sending the French spy satellite CSO-1 into orbit on a Soyuz ST-A rocket.

GeneralPlanCapabilityValue 4.0Dec 19, 2018Arianespace, in final mission of 2018, launches French spy satellite

The 2018-12-19 mission was the 20th Soyuz rocket to launch from the Guiana Space Center since Arianespace began offering a Europeanized version of the Soyuz rocket.

GeneralPlanValue 3.2Dec 19, 2018Arianespace, in final mission of 2018, launches French spy satellite

Arianespace launched six Ariane 5 heavy-lift rockets, three Soyuz medium-lift rockets, and two Vega light-lift rockets in 2018.

PlanValue 4.0Dec 19, 2018Arianespace, in final mission of 2018, launches French spy satellite

Axelspace’s first AxelGlobe satellite is scheduled to launch 2018-12-27 from Russia’s Vostochny Cosmodrome on a Soyuz-2 rocket through smallsat launch aggregator Glavkosmos.

PlanRelationshipsGeneralValue 4.0Dec 7, 2018Axelspace raises $22.8 million for remote-sensing constellation

Arianespace scheduled a Soyuz mission in the weeks after 2018-12-04 to launch CSO-1, a French military reconnaissance satellite, as its final launch of the year.

PlanValue 4.0Dec 4, 2018Arianespace launches two Asian satellites on Ariane 5 rocket