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Launch Vehicles
Vehicle family profile

Soyuz

Союз

Family-level launch record combining canonical variants, historical missions, public cadence forecasts, and available payload performance specs.

Progress Rocket Space CenterActive
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Variants
14
Canonical variants linked to this family.
Historical missions
1,120
Missions in the public mission table with actual launch dates.
Peak listed capacity
8,320 kg
Maximum payload capacity across listed variants and orbits.

Launch Cadence

Historical missions are grouped by actual launch year. Forecast cadence uses family-level launch-rate rows.

YearHistorical missionsForecast launches
2019160
2020150
2021210
2022170
2023150
2024140
2025120
202668
202708
202808
202908
203008
203108
203208
203308
203408
203508

Performance Specs

Payload capacity by variant and target orbit when structured capacity rows are available.

VariantOrbitCapacityAltitudeInclinationSource
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
LEO8,320 kg200 km51.7 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
LEO8,200 kg200 km51.8 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page

Recent Missions

Latest launched missions using variants in this family.

MissionVariantLaunch
Progress MS-34 Mission
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Apr 25, 2026
Kosmos-2609/2612?
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Apr 16, 2026
Meridian No. 21L?
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
Apr 3, 2026
Rassvet-3 G1

Variants

Canonical variants rolled up into this launch vehicle family.

VariantStagesMissionsStatus
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Not stated57Active
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
Not stated23Active
Soyuz-2-1A Volga
Not stated1Retired
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Not stated24
203608
203708
203808
203908
204008
204108

Forecast Location Split

1 launch location represented.

YearLocationLaunchesConfidenceBasis
2026Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2027Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2028Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2029Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2030Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2031Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2032Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2033Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2034Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2035Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2036Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2037Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2038Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2039Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2040Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2041Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability. Site-year coverage backfill copied nearest prior...
Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2026 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2027 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2028 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2029 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2030 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2031 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
LEO7,150 kg200 km51.7 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
LEO7,020 kg200 km51.8 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
LEO6,900 kgUnknownUnknownManual variant fallback from Soyuz-2-1B family capacity.
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
LEO6,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Polar6,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Polar5,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
LEO5,900 kgUnknownUnknownManual variant fallback from Soyuz-2-1A family capacity.
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
LEO5,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
SSO4,900 kg660 kmUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User's Manual Issue 2.1, May 2018
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
SSO4,450 kg660 kmUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User's Manual Issue 2.1, May 2018
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
GTO3,250 kgUnknownUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual Issue 2.1
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
TLI1,800 kgUnknownUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual; Soyuz/Fregat lunar mission heritage
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
TLI1,500 kgUnknownUnknownRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
TLI1,500 kgUnknownUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual; Soyuz/Fregat high-energy mission heritage
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Mar 23, 2026
Progress MS-33 Mission
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Mar 22, 2026
Kosmos-2600-2608?
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
Feb 5, 2026
Aist-2T No. 1/2
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
Dec 28, 2025
Obzor-R No. 1 Mission
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Dec 25, 2025

Forecasted Missions

Upcoming mission rows with announced launch timing.

MissionVariantAnnounced

No forecasted missions

No upcoming announced mission rows are linked to this vehicle family.

Active
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
Not stated59Active
Soyuz-FG
Not stated60Retired
Soyuz-FG Fregat
Not stated10Retired
Soyuz-ST-A Fregat
Not stated9Retired
Soyuz-ST-B Fregat
Not stated18Retired
Soyuz-U
Not stated633Retired
Soyuz-U2
Not stated72Retired
Soyuz-U-PVB
Not stated144Retired
Soyuz-U-PVB Fregat
Not stated4Retired
Soyuz-U-PVB Ikar
Not stated6Retired
Track
Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2032 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2033 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2034 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2035 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2036 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2037 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Mentions
1153
All verified mentions of this launch vehicle family in source documents.
0.0-5.0
Actions

OneWeb plans to operate eight more Soyuz launches by the end of 2022 to complete full deployment of its constellation.

PlanGrowthValue 4.0Oct 14, 2021Arianespace’s Successful Soyuz Launch Ensures OneWeb’s Constellation Is Halfway To The Firm’s Constellation Deployment Goal
Page34of58

OneWeb launched 36 broadband internet satellites on 2021-10-14 aboard a Soyuz launch vehicle from the Vostochny Cosmodrome in Russia.

GeneralPlanValue 5.0Oct 14, 2021RUAG Space Dispenses Their Tech For The OneWeb Satellites Launch

Arianespace conducted the Soyuz launch that delivered 36 OneWeb satellites from Russia.

RelationshipsGeneralValue 4.0Oct 14, 2021RUAG Space Dispenses Their Tech For The OneWeb Satellites Launch

OneWeb has an agreement with Arianespace for eight more Soyuz launches before the end of 2022 to deploy the remaining satellites in its constellation.

RelationshipsPlanValue 4.5Oct 14, 2021Arianespace launches OneWeb past the halfway mark

OneWeb is deploying its initial satellite constellation using Soyuz rockets under a contract with Arianespace.

RelationshipsPlanValue 4.3Oct 12, 2021India’s PM vows broader public-private space cooperation as OneWeb eyes Indian launches

Earlier in 2021 NASA acquired a Soyuz seat through Axiom Space to fly astronaut Mark Vande Hei.

RelationshipsPlanValue 4.0Oct 7, 2021NASA reshuffles commercial crew astronaut assignments because of Starliner delays

The next Soyuz crew rotation mission launching in spring 2022 will carry three Russian cosmonauts.

PlanValue 3.5Oct 7, 2021NASA reshuffles commercial crew astronaut assignments because of Starliner delays

NASA had no plans to acquire a seat on the spring 2022 Soyuz rotation mission.

PlanValue 3.4Oct 7, 2021NASA reshuffles commercial crew astronaut assignments because of Starliner delays

OneWeb’s next 36 satellites are slated to launch 2021-10-14 aboard a Soyuz rocket lifting off from Russia’s Vostochny Cosmodrome.

PlanGeneralValue 4.5Oct 6, 2021Eutelsat ups its OneWeb stake with additional $165 million

Hiber launched a fourth satellite as a secondary payload on a Soyuz-2 launch in March 2021.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Oct 6, 2021Hiber abandons plans for IoT satellite constellation

A Soyuz spacecraft arrived at the International Space Station on 2021-10-05 carrying a cosmonaut and two spaceflight participants who will film scenes for a Russian movie.

GeneralCapabilityPlanValue 3.5Oct 5, 2021Soyuz delivers cosmonaut and film crew to ISS

Synspective and Exolaunch have a launch agreement to launch Synspective’s third demonstration SAR satellite StriX-1 on a Soyuz-2 launch vehicle in mid-2022.

RelationshipsPlanValue 4.6Sep 17, 2021Japan’s Synspective Signs Exolaunch To Launch The Third SAR Satellite “StriX-1” On Soyuz-2

A classified Russian military satellite designed with a new miniature reconnaissance camera was launched on a single-core Soyuz 2-1v rocket.

CapabilityPlanValue 4.0Sep 16, 2021Russia launches classified military satellite

The satellite's orbital parameters are similar to those of an experimental Earth-imaging satellite launched on a Soyuz 2-1v in 2018.

CapabilityGeneralValue 2.0Sep 16, 2021Russia launches classified military satellite

Synspective and Exolaunch have a launch agreement for Synspective’s third demonstration SAR satellite StriX-1 to launch on a Soyuz-2 launch vehicle in mid-2022.

RelationshipsPlanValue 4.0Sep 16, 2021Synspective signs agreement with Exolaunch to launch the third SAR Satellite “StriX-1” on Soyuz-2

Soyuz MS-20 will be commanded by Russian cosmonaut Alexander Misurkin and will spend 12 days at the International Space Station.

PlanGeneralValue 3.5Sep 15, 2021Commercial spaceflight industry sees Inspiration4 as a pathfinder but not a model

On 2021-09-14, 34 OneWeb internet satellites were separated from a Soyuz launch vehicle and placed into orbit using a dispenser from RUAG Space.

GeneralRelationshipsValue 5.0Sep 15, 2021With The 10th OneWeb Launch, RUAG Space Has Now Placed 1,000+ Satellites Into Orbit

Arianespace plans to perform nine more Soyuz launches for OneWeb to deploy the remaining satellites in the constellation before the end of 2022.

PlanGrowthValue 4.0Sep 14, 2021OneWeb’s broadband constellation reaching halfway mark

NASA used Axiom Space to acquire the Soyuz seat for Mark Vande Hei, with Axiom buying the seat from Roscosmos and transferring it to NASA in exchange for a seat on a future commercial crew mission.

RelationshipsPlanValue 4.6Sep 14, 2021NASA astronaut to stay on ISS for nearly a year

Arianespace launched 34 OneWeb satellites on a Soyuz rocket on 2021-09-14 at 2:07 p.m. Eastern from Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakhstan.

PlanGeneralValue 4.5Sep 14, 2021OneWeb’s broadband constellation reaching halfway mark