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Launch Vehicles
Vehicle family profile

Soyuz

Союз

Family-level launch record combining canonical variants, historical missions, public cadence forecasts, and available payload performance specs.

Progress Rocket Space CenterActive
Admin
Variants
14
Canonical variants linked to this family.
Historical missions
1,120
Missions in the public mission table with actual launch dates.
Peak listed capacity
8,320 kg
Maximum payload capacity across listed variants and orbits.

Launch Cadence

Historical missions are grouped by actual launch year. Forecast cadence uses family-level launch-rate rows.

YearHistorical missionsForecast launches
2019160
2020150
2021210
2022170
2023150
2024140
2025120
202668
202708
202808
202908
203008
203108
203208
203308
203408
203508

Performance Specs

Payload capacity by variant and target orbit when structured capacity rows are available.

VariantOrbitCapacityAltitudeInclinationSource
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
LEO8,320 kg200 km51.7 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
LEO8,200 kg200 km51.8 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page

Recent Missions

Latest launched missions using variants in this family.

MissionVariantLaunch
Progress MS-34 Mission
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Apr 25, 2026
Kosmos-2609/2612?
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Apr 16, 2026
Meridian No. 21L?
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
Apr 3, 2026
Rassvet-3 G1

Variants

Canonical variants rolled up into this launch vehicle family.

VariantStagesMissionsStatus
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Not stated57Active
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
Not stated23Active
Soyuz-2-1A Volga
Not stated1Retired
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Not stated24
203608
203708
203808
203908
204008
204108

Forecast Location Split

1 launch location represented.

YearLocationLaunchesConfidenceBasis
2026Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2027Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2028Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2029Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2030Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2031Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2032Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2033Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2034Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2035Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2036Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2037Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2038Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2039Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2040Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2041Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability. Site-year coverage backfill copied nearest prior...
Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2026 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2027 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2028 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2029 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2030 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2031 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
LEO7,150 kg200 km51.7 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
LEO7,020 kg200 km51.8 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
LEO6,900 kgUnknownUnknownManual variant fallback from Soyuz-2-1B family capacity.
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
LEO6,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Polar6,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Polar5,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
LEO5,900 kgUnknownUnknownManual variant fallback from Soyuz-2-1A family capacity.
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
LEO5,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
SSO4,900 kg660 kmUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User's Manual Issue 2.1, May 2018
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
SSO4,450 kg660 kmUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User's Manual Issue 2.1, May 2018
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
GTO3,250 kgUnknownUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual Issue 2.1
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
TLI1,800 kgUnknownUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual; Soyuz/Fregat lunar mission heritage
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
TLI1,500 kgUnknownUnknownRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
TLI1,500 kgUnknownUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual; Soyuz/Fregat high-energy mission heritage
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Mar 23, 2026
Progress MS-33 Mission
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Mar 22, 2026
Kosmos-2600-2608?
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
Feb 5, 2026
Aist-2T No. 1/2
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
Dec 28, 2025
Obzor-R No. 1 Mission
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Dec 25, 2025

Forecasted Missions

Upcoming mission rows with announced launch timing.

MissionVariantAnnounced

No forecasted missions

No upcoming announced mission rows are linked to this vehicle family.

Active
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
Not stated59Active
Soyuz-FG
Not stated60Retired
Soyuz-FG Fregat
Not stated10Retired
Soyuz-ST-A Fregat
Not stated9Retired
Soyuz-ST-B Fregat
Not stated18Retired
Soyuz-U
Not stated633Retired
Soyuz-U2
Not stated72Retired
Soyuz-U-PVB
Not stated144Retired
Soyuz-U-PVB Fregat
Not stated4Retired
Soyuz-U-PVB Ikar
Not stated6Retired
Track
Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2032 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2033 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2034 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2035 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2036 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2037 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Mentions
1153
All verified mentions of this launch vehicle family in source documents.
0.0-5.0
Actions

Galileo satellites 27 and 28 are scheduled to be launched by a Soyuz launcher from Europe’s Spaceport in French Guiana on 2 December at 01:31 CET (1 December at 21:31:27 local Kourou time).

PlanValue 5.0Nov 30, 2021Galileo satellites given green light for launch

Galileo satellites 27 and 28 are scheduled to be launched for the European Space Agency (ESA) by a Soyuz launcher from Europe’s Spaceport in French Guiana on 2021-12-02 at 01:31 CET (2021-12-01 at 21:31:27 local Kourou time).

Plan
Page33of58
General
Value 4.0
Nov 30, 2021
UPDATE: Twin Galileo Satellites Launch From Kourou Postponed Until December 2

Arianespace will launch two Galileo navigation satellites from Kourou in French Guiana aboard a Soyuz rocket on Thursday, 2021-12-02 (CET).

PlanGeneralValue 4.6Nov 28, 2021RUAG Space Packs Product Into Galileo NavSats That Are Set To Launch This Week

Two Galileo navigation satellites will be launched from Kourou in French Guiana aboard a Soyuz rocket on Thursday, 2021-12-02 (CET).

PlanValue 4.0Nov 26, 2021“Brain” and “coat” from RUAG Space for Galileo navigation satellites

The failed OneWeb satellite was one of 34 launched on 2020-02-06 from Kazakhstan aboard a Russian Soyuz rocket.

GeneralPlanValue 4.0Nov 24, 2021OneWeb mulls debris-removal service for failed satellite

Early on 2021-11-15, the seven people on the International Space Station were instructed to shelter in their Crew Dragon and Soyuz vehicles for about two hours because of a debris cloud from the Cosmos-1408 breakup.

GeneralValue 3.8Nov 15, 2021Russia destroys satellite in ASAT test

The Soyuz MS-20 spacecraft is scheduled to launch on 2021-12-08 for a 12-day stay at the International Space Station.

PlanValue 4.0Nov 11, 2021Crew-3 arrives at ISS

Hazzaa AlMansoori spent a week on the International Space Station after launching on a Soyuz mission in September 2019.

GeneralValue 3.0Oct 28, 2021U.A.E. examining options for future human spaceflight missions

NASA decided not to acquire a seat on the Soyuz MS-21 launching in March 2022.

RelationshipsValue 3.2Oct 26, 2021Rogozin says Crew Dragon safe for Russian cosmonauts

Space Adventures flew a series of private astronauts to the International Space Station starting in 2001 using open seats on Soyuz missions.

RelationshipsPlanValue 3.5Oct 22, 2021Space Adventures no longer planning Crew Dragon flight

The Soyuz MS-20 spacecraft will launch 2021-12-08 carrying Japanese billionaire Yusaku Maezawa, his production assistant Yozo Hirano, and professional astronaut Alexander Misurkin.

PlanGovernanceValue 4.0Oct 22, 2021Space Adventures no longer planning Crew Dragon flight

The Soyuz MS-20 spacecraft will spend 12 days at the International Space Station before returning to Earth in that spacecraft.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Oct 22, 2021Space Adventures no longer planning Crew Dragon flight

Space Adventures last flew a customer to the International Space Station in 2009 because Soyuz seats were being used exclusively for crew rotations.

RelationshipsGeneralValue 3.0Oct 22, 2021Space Adventures no longer planning Crew Dragon flight

Soyuz MS-18 fired its thrusters at 5:02 a.m. Eastern on 2021-10-15 as a test before departing the station.

PlanValue 4.0Oct 17, 2021Soyuz returns cosmonauts and film crew to Earth

The thrusters on Soyuz MS-18 continued firing unexpectedly after the end of the testing window, resulting in a loss of station attitude control at 5:13 a.m. Eastern on 2021-10-15.

CapabilityGeneralValue 4.2Oct 17, 2021Soyuz returns cosmonauts and film crew to Earth

Spaceflight participants Yulia Peresild and Klim Shipenko were aboard Soyuz MS-18 after flying to the station on Soyuz MS-19, which launched on 2021-10-05.

PlanGeneralValue 3.5Oct 17, 2021Soyuz returns cosmonauts and film crew to Earth

Pyotr Dubrov and Mark Vande Hei flew to the station on Soyuz MS-18 with Oleg Novitskiy and will remain on the station until March 2022, spending nearly one year in space.

PlanValue 4.0Oct 17, 2021Soyuz returns cosmonauts and film crew to Earth

Soyuz MS-18 undocked from the International Space Station’s Nauka module at 9:14 p.m. Eastern on 2021-10-16.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Oct 17, 2021Soyuz returns cosmonauts and film crew to Earth

RUAG Space built the satellite dispenser that serves as an interface between the Soyuz rocket and OneWeb satellites.

CapabilityRelationshipsValue 4.0Oct 14, 2021RUAG Space Dispenses Their Tech For The OneWeb Satellites Launch

Arianespace’s tenth launch of 2021 used the seventh Soyuz rocket launched that year and carried a total payload of approximately 5,797 kg.

PlanCapabilityValue 3.8Oct 14, 2021Arianespace’s Successful Soyuz Launch Ensures OneWeb’s Constellation Is Halfway To The Firm’s Constellation Deployment Goal