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Launch Vehicles
Vehicle family profile

Soyuz

Союз

Family-level launch record combining canonical variants, historical missions, public cadence forecasts, and available payload performance specs.

Progress Rocket Space CenterActive
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Variants
14
Canonical variants linked to this family.
Historical missions
1,120
Missions in the public mission table with actual launch dates.
Peak listed capacity
8,320 kg
Maximum payload capacity across listed variants and orbits.

Launch Cadence

Historical missions are grouped by actual launch year. Forecast cadence uses family-level launch-rate rows.

YearHistorical missionsForecast launches
2019160
2020150
2021210
2022170
2023150
2024140
2025120
202668
202708
202808
202908
203008
203108
203208
203308
203408
203508

Performance Specs

Payload capacity by variant and target orbit when structured capacity rows are available.

VariantOrbitCapacityAltitudeInclinationSource
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
LEO8,320 kg200 km51.7 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
LEO8,200 kg200 km51.8 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page

Recent Missions

Latest launched missions using variants in this family.

MissionVariantLaunch
Progress MS-34 Mission
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Apr 25, 2026
Kosmos-2609/2612?
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Apr 16, 2026
Meridian No. 21L?
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
Apr 3, 2026
Rassvet-3 G1

Variants

Canonical variants rolled up into this launch vehicle family.

VariantStagesMissionsStatus
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Not stated57Active
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
Not stated23Active
Soyuz-2-1A Volga
Not stated1Retired
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Not stated24
203608
203708
203808
203908
204008
204108

Forecast Location Split

1 launch location represented.

YearLocationLaunchesConfidenceBasis
2026Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2027Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2028Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2029Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2030Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2031Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2032Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2033Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2034Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2035Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2036Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2037Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2038Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2039Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2040Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2041Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability. Site-year coverage backfill copied nearest prior...
Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2026 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2027 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2028 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2029 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2030 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2031 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
LEO7,150 kg200 km51.7 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
LEO7,020 kg200 km51.8 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
LEO6,900 kgUnknownUnknownManual variant fallback from Soyuz-2-1B family capacity.
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
LEO6,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Polar6,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Polar5,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
LEO5,900 kgUnknownUnknownManual variant fallback from Soyuz-2-1A family capacity.
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
LEO5,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
SSO4,900 kg660 kmUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User's Manual Issue 2.1, May 2018
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
SSO4,450 kg660 kmUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User's Manual Issue 2.1, May 2018
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
GTO3,250 kgUnknownUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual Issue 2.1
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
TLI1,800 kgUnknownUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual; Soyuz/Fregat lunar mission heritage
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
TLI1,500 kgUnknownUnknownRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
TLI1,500 kgUnknownUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual; Soyuz/Fregat high-energy mission heritage
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Mar 23, 2026
Progress MS-33 Mission
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Mar 22, 2026
Kosmos-2600-2608?
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
Feb 5, 2026
Aist-2T No. 1/2
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
Dec 28, 2025
Obzor-R No. 1 Mission
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Dec 25, 2025

Forecasted Missions

Upcoming mission rows with announced launch timing.

MissionVariantAnnounced

No forecasted missions

No upcoming announced mission rows are linked to this vehicle family.

Active
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
Not stated59Active
Soyuz-FG
Not stated60Retired
Soyuz-FG Fregat
Not stated10Retired
Soyuz-ST-A Fregat
Not stated9Retired
Soyuz-ST-B Fregat
Not stated18Retired
Soyuz-U
Not stated633Retired
Soyuz-U2
Not stated72Retired
Soyuz-U-PVB
Not stated144Retired
Soyuz-U-PVB Fregat
Not stated4Retired
Soyuz-U-PVB Ikar
Not stated6Retired
Track
Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2032 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2033 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2034 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2035 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2036 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2037 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Mentions
1150
All verified mentions of this launch vehicle family in source documents.
0.0-5.0
Actions

NASA astronaut Anil Menon arrived at the International Space Station on Soyuz MS-29 with Roscosmos cosmonauts Pyotr Dubrov and Anna Kikina.

GeneralValue 2.5Jul 15, 2026Spedizione 74 ISS: al via gli esperimenti di Anil Menon su IA, biostampa e semiconduttori

Pyotr Dubrov is flying his second orbital mission on Soyuz MS-29.

General
Page1of58
Value 3.4
Jul 13, 2026
Soyuz MS-29 porta Anil Menon sulla ISS: in orbita test su semiconduttori, IA e biostampa

The Soyuz MS-29 launch is at Baikonur.

PlanValue 3.0Jul 13, 2026It appears that @NASAAdmin is at Baikonur for this launch with @astro_anil! Isaacman has IIRC previously stated he would visit there for one of the crew Soyuz launches so it's not surprising. Source:

The Soyuz MS-29 mission is expected to last about eight months.

PlanValue 2.0Jul 13, 2026Soyuz MS-29 porta Anil Menon sulla ISS: in orbita test su semiconduttori, IA e biostampa

Anil Menon is making his first spaceflight on Soyuz MS-29.

GovernanceValue 2.2Jul 13, 2026Soyuz MS-29 porta Anil Menon sulla ISS: in orbita test su semiconduttori, IA e biostampa

NASA assigned Anil Menon a research program on Soyuz MS-29 that is intended to validate technologies for future human space exploration.

CapabilityGovernanceValue 4.0Jul 13, 2026Soyuz MS-29 porta Anil Menon sulla ISS: in orbita test su semiconduttori, IA e biostampa

Soyuz MS-29 includes demonstrations of combined augmented reality and artificial intelligence for ultrasound imaging.

CapabilityValue 2.5Jul 13, 2026Soyuz MS-29 porta Anil Menon sulla ISS: in orbita test su semiconduttori, IA e biostampa

The Soyuz MS-29 crew will join Expedition 74 after docking.

PlanGeneralValue 3.4Jul 13, 2026Soyuz MS-29 porta Anil Menon sulla ISS: in orbita test su semiconduttori, IA e biostampa

Soyuz MS-29 will carry NASA astronaut Anil Menon, Roscosmos cosmonaut Pyotr Dubrov, and Roscosmos cosmonaut Anna Kikina to the International Space Station.

PlanGeneralValue 3.8Jul 13, 2026Soyuz MS-29 porta Anil Menon sulla ISS: in orbita test su semiconduttori, IA e biostampa

Soyuz MS-29 is scheduled to launch on Tuesday, July 14, from Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.

PlanGeneralValue 3.6Jul 13, 2026Soyuz MS-29 porta Anil Menon sulla ISS: in orbita test su semiconduttori, IA e biostampa

Anna Kikina is flying her second orbital mission on Soyuz MS-29.

GeneralValue 2.0Jul 13, 2026Soyuz MS-29 porta Anil Menon sulla ISS: in orbita test su semiconduttori, IA e biostampa

Soyuz MS-29 will perform an automatic docking with the Prichal module about three hours after liftoff.

PlanCapabilityValue 4.0Jul 13, 2026Soyuz MS-29 porta Anil Menon sulla ISS: in orbita test su semiconduttori, IA e biostampa

Astronaut Anil Menon will launch to the International Space Station aboard the Roscosmos Soyuz MS-29 spacecraft on Tuesday, July 14, with cosmonauts Pyotr Dubrov and Anna Kikina.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Jul 10, 2026NASA sets coverage for astronaut Anil Menon launch to space station

Hatches between the Soyuz spacecraft and the International Space Station are expected to open shortly after docking.

PlanValue 2.0Jul 10, 2026NASA sets coverage for astronaut Anil Menon launch to space station

The Soyuz MS-29 crew is scheduled to lift off at 10:47 a.m. EDT from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Jul 10, 2026NASA sets coverage for astronaut Anil Menon launch to space station

The Soyuz MS-29 mission will be the second spaceflight for Pyotr Dubrov and Anna Kikina.

PlanValue 2.0Jul 10, 2026NASA sets coverage for astronaut Anil Menon launch to space station

The Soyuz MS-29 mission will be Anil Menon’s first spaceflight.

PlanGovernanceValue 2.5Jul 10, 2026NASA sets coverage for astronaut Anil Menon launch to space station

The Soyuz spacecraft is expected to automatically dock about three hours after launch at 1:56 p.m. to the Prichal module.

PlanCapabilityValue 4.0Jul 10, 2026NASA sets coverage for astronaut Anil Menon launch to space station

V.S. Syromyatnikov’s team at NPO Energia began preliminary work on a successor to APAS-75 one year after the Apollo-Soyuz mission.

PlanValue 3.6Jun 22, 2026A history of the APAS docking system

APAS-75 was the single name given to the Apollo-Soyuz docking design, and the American and Soviet teams each built distinct hardware to a common standard.

CapabilityGeneralValue 3.8Jun 22, 2026A history of the APAS docking system