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Launch Vehicles
Vehicle family profile

Soyuz

Союз

Family-level launch record combining canonical variants, historical missions, public cadence forecasts, and available payload performance specs.

Progress Rocket Space CenterActive
Admin
Variants
14
Canonical variants linked to this family.
Historical missions
1,120
Missions in the public mission table with actual launch dates.
Peak listed capacity
8,320 kg
Maximum payload capacity across listed variants and orbits.

Launch Cadence

Historical missions are grouped by actual launch year. Forecast cadence uses family-level launch-rate rows.

YearHistorical missionsForecast launches
2019160
2020150
2021210
2022170
2023150
2024140
2025120
202668
202708
202808
202908
203008
203108
203208
203308
203408
203508

Performance Specs

Payload capacity by variant and target orbit when structured capacity rows are available.

VariantOrbitCapacityAltitudeInclinationSource
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
LEO8,320 kg200 km51.7 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
LEO8,200 kg200 km51.8 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page

Recent Missions

Latest launched missions using variants in this family.

MissionVariantLaunch
Progress MS-34 Mission
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Apr 25, 2026
Kosmos-2609/2612?
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Apr 16, 2026
Meridian No. 21L?
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
Apr 3, 2026
Rassvet-3 G1

Variants

Canonical variants rolled up into this launch vehicle family.

VariantStagesMissionsStatus
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Not stated57Active
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
Not stated23Active
Soyuz-2-1A Volga
Not stated1Retired
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Not stated24
203608
203708
203808
203908
204008
204108

Forecast Location Split

1 launch location represented.

YearLocationLaunchesConfidenceBasis
2026Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2027Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2028Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2029Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2030Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2031Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2032Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2033Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2034Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2035Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2036Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2037Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2038Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2039Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2040Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2041Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability. Site-year coverage backfill copied nearest prior...
Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2026 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2027 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2028 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2029 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2030 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2031 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
LEO7,150 kg200 km51.7 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
LEO7,020 kg200 km51.8 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
LEO6,900 kgUnknownUnknownManual variant fallback from Soyuz-2-1B family capacity.
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
LEO6,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Polar6,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Polar5,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
LEO5,900 kgUnknownUnknownManual variant fallback from Soyuz-2-1A family capacity.
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
LEO5,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
SSO4,900 kg660 kmUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User's Manual Issue 2.1, May 2018
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
SSO4,450 kg660 kmUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User's Manual Issue 2.1, May 2018
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
GTO3,250 kgUnknownUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual Issue 2.1
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
TLI1,800 kgUnknownUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual; Soyuz/Fregat lunar mission heritage
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
TLI1,500 kgUnknownUnknownRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
TLI1,500 kgUnknownUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual; Soyuz/Fregat high-energy mission heritage
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Mar 23, 2026
Progress MS-33 Mission
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Mar 22, 2026
Kosmos-2600-2608?
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
Feb 5, 2026
Aist-2T No. 1/2
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
Dec 28, 2025
Obzor-R No. 1 Mission
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Dec 25, 2025

Forecasted Missions

Upcoming mission rows with announced launch timing.

MissionVariantAnnounced

No forecasted missions

No upcoming announced mission rows are linked to this vehicle family.

Active
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
Not stated59Active
Soyuz-FG
Not stated60Retired
Soyuz-FG Fregat
Not stated10Retired
Soyuz-ST-A Fregat
Not stated9Retired
Soyuz-ST-B Fregat
Not stated18Retired
Soyuz-U
Not stated633Retired
Soyuz-U2
Not stated72Retired
Soyuz-U-PVB
Not stated144Retired
Soyuz-U-PVB Fregat
Not stated4Retired
Soyuz-U-PVB Ikar
Not stated6Retired
Track
Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2032 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2033 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2034 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2035 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2036 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2037 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Mentions
1150
All verified mentions of this launch vehicle family in source documents.
0.0-5.0
Actions

MaiaSpace shifted its planned launch operations to the Guiana Space Centre’s former Soyuz launch facility, now renamed ELM2.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Jun 18, 2026Sirius Space Selected to Fill Launch Facility Vacancy Left by MaiaSpace
Page2of58

CNES selected MaiaSpace in September 2024 to assume control of the former Soyuz launch facility at the Guiana Space Centre.

RelationshipsPlanValue 4.0Jun 18, 2026Sirius Space Selected to Fill Launch Facility Vacancy Left by MaiaSpace

The vacancy at the Guiana Space Centre opened after MaiaSpace shifted its planned launch operations to the spaceport’s former Soyuz launch facility.

PlanCapabilityGeneralValue 3.0Jun 18, 2026Sirius Space Selected to Fill Launch Facility Vacancy Left by MaiaSpace

CNES selected MaiaSpace in September 2024 to assume control of the former Soyuz launch facility, now renamed ELM2.

RelationshipsValue 4.5Jun 18, 2026Sirius Space Selected to Fill Launch Facility Vacancy Left by MaiaSpace

Progress MS-36 is scheduled to launch in November 2026 on a Soyuz-2.1b rocket.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Jun 9, 2026Progress MS-36 spacecraft has arrived at the Baikonur cosmodrome

The Soyuz-2.1b launch of Progress MS-36 is likely part of a transition from Soyuz-2.1a to Soyuz-2.1b.

PlanValue 2.0Jun 9, 2026Progress MS-36 spacecraft has arrived at the Baikonur cosmodrome

Roscosmos delivered a Soyuz-2.1b rocket to Baikonur for the Progress MS-36 launch.

RelationshipsPlanValue 4.0Jun 4, 2026Progress MS-36 was sent to the Baikonur cosmodrome today. It will arrive there in a few days. In November, this cargo spacecraft will be launched on a Soyuz-2.1b rocket, likely as part of the transition from Soyuz-2.1a to 2.1b 1/4

Progress MS-36 is scheduled to launch in November on a Soyuz-2.1b rocket.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Jun 4, 2026Progress MS-36 was sent to the Baikonur cosmodrome today. It will arrive there in a few days. In November, this cargo spacecraft will be launched on a Soyuz-2.1b rocket, likely as part of the transition from Soyuz-2.1a to 2.1b 1/4

The Progress MS-36 launch is part of a transition from Soyuz-2.1a to Soyuz-2.1b.

PlanValue 3.0Jun 4, 2026Progress MS-36 was sent to the Baikonur cosmodrome today. It will arrive there in a few days. In November, this cargo spacecraft will be launched on a Soyuz-2.1b rocket, likely as part of the transition from Soyuz-2.1a to 2.1b 1/4

Roscosmos delivered a Soyuz-2.1b rocket to Baikonur for the launch of Progress MS-36, scheduled for November.

PlanRelationshipsValue 4.0Jun 2, 2026Roscosmos reports delivery of a Soyuz-2.1b rocket to Baikonur for the launch of Progress MS-36 spacecraft (scheduled for November) Normally, Progress spacecrafts are being launched on less capable Soyuz-2.1a rocket.

Soyuz MS-29 has arrived at Baikonur.

PlanValue 2.5May 26, 2026Soyuz MS-29 has completed the testing of radio equipment in anechoic chamber. Soon, the spacecraft will be transported to the vacuum chamber for leak checks. Launch of Soyuz MS-29 is scheduled for July 14, carrying two Roscosmos cosmonauts and one NASA astronaut to the ISS.

Soyuz MS-29 is scheduled for launch in the summer of 2026.

PlanGeneralValue 3.6May 26, 2026Soyuz MS-29 has completed the testing of radio equipment in anechoic chamber. Soon, the spacecraft will be transported to the vacuum chamber for leak checks. Launch of Soyuz MS-29 is scheduled for July 14, carrying two Roscosmos cosmonauts and one NASA astronaut to the ISS.

Soyuz MS-29 will next be transported to a vacuum chamber for leak checks.

PlanCapabilityValue 3.5May 26, 2026Soyuz MS-29 has completed the testing of radio equipment in anechoic chamber. Soon, the spacecraft will be transported to the vacuum chamber for leak checks. Launch of Soyuz MS-29 is scheduled for July 14, carrying two Roscosmos cosmonauts and one NASA astronaut to the ISS.

Soyuz MS-29 is scheduled to launch on July 14 with two Roscosmos cosmonauts and one NASA astronaut to the ISS.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0May 26, 2026Soyuz MS-29 has completed the testing of radio equipment in anechoic chamber. Soon, the spacecraft will be transported to the vacuum chamber for leak checks. Launch of Soyuz MS-29 is scheduled for July 14, carrying two Roscosmos cosmonauts and one NASA astronaut to the ISS.

Workers at Baikonur have conducted checks on Soyuz MS-29, including tests of the solar panel deployment mechanisms.

CapabilityGeneralValue 4.0May 26, 2026Soyuz MS-29 has completed the testing of radio equipment in anechoic chamber. Soon, the spacecraft will be transported to the vacuum chamber for leak checks. Launch of Soyuz MS-29 is scheduled for July 14, carrying two Roscosmos cosmonauts and one NASA astronaut to the ISS.

Soyuz MS-29 has completed radio equipment testing in an anechoic chamber.

CapabilityPlanValue 3.0May 26, 2026Soyuz MS-29 has completed the testing of radio equipment in anechoic chamber. Soon, the spacecraft will be transported to the vacuum chamber for leak checks. Launch of Soyuz MS-29 is scheduled for July 14, carrying two Roscosmos cosmonauts and one NASA astronaut to the ISS.

Roscosmos has scheduled the third Soyuz-5 launch for 2028.

PlanGrowthValue 4.0May 21, 2026Deputy General Director of Roscosmos says that the second test flight of Soyuz-5 is currently scheduled for the second half of next year. Third one for 2028. A few days ago, General Director of Roscosmos said that they're already building the second and third launch vehicles.

Roscosmos has scheduled the next launch of the Soyuz-5 rocket for the second half of 2027.

PlanValue 4.0May 21, 2026Deputy General Director of Roscosmos says that the second test flight of Soyuz-5 is currently scheduled for the second half of next year. Third one for 2028. A few days ago, General Director of Roscosmos said that they're already building the second and third launch vehicles.

Roscosmos is building the second and third Soyuz-5 launch vehicles.

PlanGrowthValue 4.0May 21, 2026Deputy General Director of Roscosmos says that the second test flight of Soyuz-5 is currently scheduled for the second half of next year. Third one for 2028. A few days ago, General Director of Roscosmos said that they're already building the second and third launch vehicles.

Roscosmos completed the first Soyuz-5 flight test on April 30.

PlanCapabilityValue 3.0May 21, 2026Deputy General Director of Roscosmos says that the second test flight of Soyuz-5 is currently scheduled for the second half of next year. Third one for 2028. A few days ago, General Director of Roscosmos said that they're already building the second and third launch vehicles.