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Proton

retired

Протон

Science ExplorationLEOCOSPAR 1965-054ALaunched 7/16/1965
Admin Edit
Mission & Launch
Launch Mission
Proton Mission
Launch Vehicle
UR-500
Launch Date
7/16/1965
Last Contact
10/11/1965
Orbit & Mass
Orbit Class
LEO
Altitude
350 km
Inclination
63.46 deg
Dry Mass
8,300 kg
Total Mass
8,300 kg
Payload Classification
Mission Type
Science Exploration
Payload Category
SCI
Payload Class
C
Organizations
Operator
RSC Energia
Manufacturer
RSC Energia
Registry
COSPAR ID
1965-054A
UN Registration
A/AC.105/INF.110
Track
Mentions
85
All verified mentions of this spacecraft in source documents.
0.0-5.0
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The suspension of ESA-Russia cooperation left the Rosalind Franklin rover without its Russian-built landing platform and Proton-M launch vehicle.

RelationshipsCapabilityValue 3.6Jul 1, 2026La NASA entrega los primeros motores de frenado para la misión Rosalind Franklin y confirma el lanzador Falcon Heavy
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The Rosalind Franklin mission was originally designed around a Russian-built landing platform and Proton-M launch service.

PlanGeneralValue 3.6Jun 26, 2026NASA Delivers Braking Engines for ESA Rosalind Franklin Mars Mission

Chang’e 7 carries a Medium-Energy Proton Detector, a Lunar Seismograph Payload, a Lunar Penetrating Radar, a Wide-band InfraRed Imaging Spectrometer, an Electric Field Probe, and instruments from international partners.

CapabilityGeneralValue 4.0May 6, 2026Chang'e 7's Long Route From Wenchang to the Moon's South Pole

Proton's main tanks have a 4.1-meter diameter.

CapabilityValue 4.0Apr 26, 2026For example, stage diameter is not "just a little larger", it's literally the largest diameter that they could make that can be easily transported by russian railway. Proton's main tanks have the same 4.1m diameter, long before Zenit existed. Amur's diameter will be 4.1m, too.

Mars 96’s Alpha Proton X-ray Spectrometer, developed by the University of Chicago, reached Mars aboard NASA’s Mars Pathfinder mission.

GeneralCapabilityValue 4.0Apr 6, 2026Thirty years later, Mars 96 has not been found

Mars 96 carried more than 40 science instruments on a Proton-K rocket.

CapabilityPlanValue 4.0Apr 6, 2026Thirty years later, Mars 96 has not been found

The Science and Power Module for the Russian Orbital Station will be launched on Proton-M.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Apr 6, 2026This is how ROS could look like in its final form. Pretty much the same layout as before, but with Nauka as an additional module. I still remember some people, including Eric Berger, writing that the whole russian ISS segment will be undocked and serve as a core for ROS.

The Russian Orbital Station’s Science & Power Module will be launched on Proton-M.

PlanValue 4.0Apr 1, 2026Depiction of the russian ISS segment with modules of the Russian Orbital Station (ROS) attached: Node Module (UUM) Science & Power Module (NEM) Airlock Module (ShM) Reminder: NEM will be launched on Proton-M, UUM and ShM

The Proton-M rocket displays Cyrillic "Протон" markings on its first stage.

GeneralCapabilityValue 3.0Feb 14, 2026Drone shots of the Proton-M launch

The launch pad area was covered in snow in the Proton-M prelaunch imagery.

GeneralValue 2.0Feb 14, 2026Drone shots of the Proton-M launch

The Proton-M rocket carrying the Electro-L No.5 meteorological satellite was installed on the launch pad at the Baikonur cosmodrome.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Feb 12, 2026The state commission has allowed the fueling of Proton-M. Less than 8 hours left until the first Proton-M launch since 2023. If there will be a YouTube stream, I will post it, but here's a link to the live stream on VK:

This event is the first Proton-M launch since 2023.

PlanGeneralValue 2.0Feb 12, 2026The state commission has allowed the fueling of Proton-M. Less than 8 hours left until the first Proton-M launch since 2023. If there will be a YouTube stream, I will post it, but here's a link to the live stream on VK:

A state commission has allowed fueling of the Proton-M rocket.

LegalGeneralValue 2.6Feb 12, 2026The state commission has allowed the fueling of Proton-M. Less than 8 hours left until the first Proton-M launch since 2023. If there will be a YouTube stream, I will post it, but here's a link to the live stream on VK:

The scheduled Proton launch will be the last time the vehicle flies with a Blok-DM upper stage.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Feb 12, 2026Really weird to see one flying finally after so many years LOL. There are also only up to 10 left (recent reports is that all 10 have assigned payloads, although quite a few are civil comsats that must be listed w/ question marks) so go watch if you can.

The launch of Proton-M with the Electro-L No.5 satellite is scheduled for February 12 at 13:52:15 local time (08:52:15 UTC).

PlanValue 4.5Feb 12, 2026The state commission has allowed the fueling of Proton-M. Less than 8 hours left until the first Proton-M launch since 2023. If there will be a YouTube stream, I will post it, but here's a link to the live stream on VK:

Block DM-03 carrying the Elektro-L No.5 satellite was photographed in geostationary transfer orbit after the Proton-M launch on February 12, 2026.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Feb 12, 2026Block DM-03 with Elektro-L №5 satellite photographed in geostationary transfer orbit after today's launch of Proton-M. (short line above the center of the frame) In the background – NGC 2237 (Rosette Nebula). Source:

The Proton launch is scheduled for 08:52 UTC from Site 81/24 at the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Feb 12, 2026Really weird to see one flying finally after so many years LOL. There are also only up to 10 left (recent reports is that all 10 have assigned payloads, although quite a few are civil comsats that must be listed w/ question marks) so go watch if you can.

Recent reports state that there are only up to 10 Proton rockets remaining and all 10 have assigned payloads.

PlanGeneralValue 2.0Feb 12, 2026Really weird to see one flying finally after so many years LOL. There are also only up to 10 left (recent reports is that all 10 have assigned payloads, although quite a few are civil comsats that must be listed w/ question marks) so go watch if you can.

The state commission approved the Proton-M for rollout at the Baikonur cosmodrome launch complex.

PlanValue 4.0Feb 9, 2026Proton-M rollout at the Baikonur cosmodrome

The Proton-M rollout at Baikonur was expected to begin at approximately 06:30 local time (about 01:30 UTC) on February 9, 2026.

PlanValue 4.0Feb 9, 2026Proton-M rollout at the Baikonur cosmodrome