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Launch Vehicles
Vehicle family profile

Soyuz

Союз

Family-level launch record combining canonical variants, historical missions, public cadence forecasts, and available payload performance specs.

Progress Rocket Space CenterActive
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Variants
14
Canonical variants linked to this family.
Historical missions
1,120
Missions in the public mission table with actual launch dates.
Peak listed capacity
8,320 kg
Maximum payload capacity across listed variants and orbits.

Launch Cadence

Historical missions are grouped by actual launch year. Forecast cadence uses family-level launch-rate rows.

YearHistorical missionsForecast launches
2019160
2020150
2021210
2022170
2023150
2024140
2025120
202668
202708
202808
202908
203008
203108
203208
203308
203408
203508

Performance Specs

Payload capacity by variant and target orbit when structured capacity rows are available.

VariantOrbitCapacityAltitudeInclinationSource
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
LEO8,320 kg200 km51.7 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
LEO8,200 kg200 km51.8 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page

Recent Missions

Latest launched missions using variants in this family.

MissionVariantLaunch
Progress MS-34 Mission
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Apr 25, 2026
Kosmos-2609/2612?
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Apr 16, 2026
Meridian No. 21L?
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
Apr 3, 2026
Rassvet-3 G1

Variants

Canonical variants rolled up into this launch vehicle family.

VariantStagesMissionsStatus
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Not stated57Active
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
Not stated23Active
Soyuz-2-1A Volga
Not stated1Retired
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Not stated24
203608
203708
203808
203908
204008
204108

Forecast Location Split

1 launch location represented.

YearLocationLaunchesConfidenceBasis
2026Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2027Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2028Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2029Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2030Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2031Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2032Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2033Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2034Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2035Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2036Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2037Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2038Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2039Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2040Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2041Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability. Site-year coverage backfill copied nearest prior...
Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2026 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2027 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2028 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2029 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2030 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2031 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
LEO7,150 kg200 km51.7 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
LEO7,020 kg200 km51.8 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
LEO6,900 kgUnknownUnknownManual variant fallback from Soyuz-2-1B family capacity.
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
LEO6,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Polar6,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Polar5,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
LEO5,900 kgUnknownUnknownManual variant fallback from Soyuz-2-1A family capacity.
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
LEO5,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
SSO4,900 kg660 kmUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User's Manual Issue 2.1, May 2018
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
SSO4,450 kg660 kmUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User's Manual Issue 2.1, May 2018
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
GTO3,250 kgUnknownUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual Issue 2.1
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
TLI1,800 kgUnknownUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual; Soyuz/Fregat lunar mission heritage
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
TLI1,500 kgUnknownUnknownRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
TLI1,500 kgUnknownUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual; Soyuz/Fregat high-energy mission heritage
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Mar 23, 2026
Progress MS-33 Mission
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Mar 22, 2026
Kosmos-2600-2608?
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
Feb 5, 2026
Aist-2T No. 1/2
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
Dec 28, 2025
Obzor-R No. 1 Mission
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Dec 25, 2025

Forecasted Missions

Upcoming mission rows with announced launch timing.

MissionVariantAnnounced

No forecasted missions

No upcoming announced mission rows are linked to this vehicle family.

Active
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
Not stated59Active
Soyuz-FG
Not stated60Retired
Soyuz-FG Fregat
Not stated10Retired
Soyuz-ST-A Fregat
Not stated9Retired
Soyuz-ST-B Fregat
Not stated18Retired
Soyuz-U
Not stated633Retired
Soyuz-U2
Not stated72Retired
Soyuz-U-PVB
Not stated144Retired
Soyuz-U-PVB Fregat
Not stated4Retired
Soyuz-U-PVB Ikar
Not stated6Retired
Track
Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2032 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2033 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2034 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2035 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2036 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2037 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Mentions
1153
All verified mentions of this launch vehicle family in source documents.
0.0-5.0
Actions

The STS-134 shuttle mission in May 2011 brought five people to join six crew members who arrived on two Soyuz spacecraft, creating an 11-person station crew at that time.

GeneralPlanValue 3.0Apr 24, 2021Crew-2 arrives at ISS

OneWeb-0178 was one of 36 satellites launched on 2021-03-25 on a Soyuz rocket from the Vostochny Cosmodrome in Russia.

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PlanGeneralValue 4.0Apr 22, 2021SpaceX and OneWeb spar over satellite close approach

Axiom Space purchased a seat on Soyuz MS-18 from Roscosmos and swapped it with NASA in exchange for a seat on a future commercial crew mission, enabling NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei to fly on Soyuz MS-18.

RelationshipsPlanValue 4.5Apr 22, 2021NASA emphasizes good relationship with Roscosmos as Russia mulls exiting ISS

OneWeb launched a batch of 36 satellites on a Soyuz-2.1b on 2021-03-25 to bring its total to 146 satellites.

PlanGrowthCapabilityValue 4.0Apr 19, 2021Amazon contracts nine Atlas 5 missions for Kuiper broadband satellites

Arianespace plans a Soyuz mission from Vostochny Cosmodrome on 2021-04-26 to deliver 36 satellites into orbit.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Apr 19, 2021Arianespace Soyuz Flight ST31 To Push 36 OneWeb Satellites To LEO

Three astronauts—two Russians and one American—reached the International Space Station on the Soyuz spacecraft launched 2021-04-09.

PlanValue 4.0Apr 12, 2021Soyuz carries three members to International Space Station

Two spaceflight participants described as a director and an actress are likely to launch on Soyuz MS-19 and return with Oleg Novitsky on Soyuz MS-18 after about a week on the station in October.

PlanValue 4.0Apr 12, 2021Soyuz carries three members to International Space Station

A Soyuz spacecraft launched from Kazakhstan on 2021-04-09.

PlanValue 3.5Apr 12, 2021Soyuz carries three members to International Space Station

International Launch Services offers launch services using the Proton, Angara 1.2, Angara 5, Soyuz-2, and Soyuz-5 launch vehicles.

CapabilityGeneralValue 3.8Apr 11, 2021ILS + Express Celebrate 25th Anniversary Of The 1st Combined Russian, US + European Launch

A Soyuz spacecraft carrying two Russian cosmonauts and one American astronaut arrived at the International Space Station on 2021-04-09.

PlanGeneralValue 3.5Apr 9, 2021Soyuz launches new crew to International Space Station

Soyuz MS-18 is scheduled to launch to the International Space Station on 2021-04-09 carrying Roscosmos cosmonauts Oleg Novitsky and Pyotr Dubrov and NASA astronaut Mark Vande Hei.

PlanValue 5.0Apr 5, 2021Crew Dragon moves to new docking port at ISS

Kate Rubins participated in a similar spacecraft relocation maneuver involving Soyuz MS-17, which moved from a docking port on the Rassvet module to one on the Poisk module on 2021-03-19.

GeneralCapabilityValue 3.8Apr 5, 2021Crew Dragon moves to new docking port at ISS

A total of 38 satellites were launched into low-Earth Sun Synchronous Orbit at UTC 06:07:12 on the ISILAUNCH27 Soyuz-2 mission.

PlanValue 4.0Mar 30, 2021Looking back at the ISILAUNCH27 launch campaign onboard Soyuz-2 rocket

DMSat-1 launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan aboard a Soyuz rocket on 2021-03-22 operated by GK Launch Services.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Mar 29, 2021SFL-Built DMSat-1 Successfully Dispatched To Orbit For Dubai

The CAS-500-1 satellite was launched aboard a Russian Soyuz-2 launch vehicle from the Baikonur, Kazakhstan spaceport.

PlanValue 2.3Mar 28, 2021Navigation Receiver From RUAG Space Aboard KARI’s EO Smallsat Now On-Orbit

A GK Launch Services Soyuz-2-1a rocket on 2021-03-22 delivered the KARI CAS-500-1 remote-sensing satellite and 38 secondary payloads from 18 countries into three different sun-synchronous orbits.

PlanCapabilityValue 4.0Mar 28, 2021Navigation Receiver From RUAG Space Aboard KARI’s EO Smallsat Now On-Orbit

The 14 additional Soyuz launches will enable OneWeb to complete deployment of its global low Earth orbit satellite constellation by the end of 2022.

PlanGrowthValue 4.3Mar 25, 2021Arianespace Successfully Launches 36 Of OneWeb’s Smallsats

Arianespace will perform 14 more Soyuz launches for OneWeb pursuant to an amended launch contract covering 2021 and 2022.

RelationshipsPlanValue 4.4Mar 25, 2021Arianespace Successfully Launches 36 Of OneWeb’s Smallsats

A Soyuz-2.1a rocket launched from Russia’s Baikonur Cosmodrome and ATLAS Space Operations grew to support three new missions with the firm’s Freedom™ Platform.

GrowthCapabilityValue 4.0Mar 25, 2021ATLAS Expands Scope + Impact With The Latest Launch

The Soyuz-2.1b rocket that launched OneWeb’s satellites lifted off at 10:47 p.m. Eastern from Vostochny Cosmodrome.

PlanCapabilityValue 3.0Mar 25, 2021Arianespace launches 36 more OneWeb satellites