Союз
Family-level launch record combining canonical variants, historical missions, public cadence forecasts, and available payload performance specs.
Historical missions are grouped by actual launch year. Forecast cadence uses family-level launch-rate rows.
| Year | Historical missions | Forecast launches |
|---|---|---|
| 2019 | 16 | 0 |
| 2020 | 15 | 0 |
| 2021 | 21 | 0 |
| 2022 | 17 | 0 |
| 2023 | 15 | 0 |
| 2024 | 14 | 0 |
| 2025 | 12 | 0 |
| 2026 | 6 | 8 |
| 2027 | 0 | 8 |
| 2028 | 0 | 8 |
| 2029 | 0 | 8 |
| 2030 | 0 | 8 |
| 2031 | 0 | 8 |
| 2032 | 0 | 8 |
| 2033 | 0 | 8 |
| 2034 | 0 | 8 |
| 2035 | 0 | 8 |
Payload capacity by variant and target orbit when structured capacity rows are available.
| Variant | Orbit | Capacity | Altitude | Inclination | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Soyuz-2-1B Союз-2.1б | LEO | 8,320 kg | 200 km | 51.7 deg | RKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page |
Soyuz-2-1B Союз-2.1б | LEO | 8,200 kg | 200 km | 51.8 deg | RKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page |
Latest launched missions using variants in this family.
| Mission | Variant | Launch |
|---|---|---|
| Progress MS-34 Mission | Soyuz-2-1A Союз-2.1а | Apr 25, 2026 |
| Kosmos-2609/2612? | Soyuz-2-1B Союз-2.1б | Apr 16, 2026 |
| Meridian No. 21L? | Soyuz-2-1A Fregat | Apr 3, 2026 |
| Rassvet-3 G1 |
Canonical variants rolled up into this launch vehicle family.
| Variant | Stages | Missions | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
Soyuz-2-1A Союз-2.1а | Not stated | 57 | Active |
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat | Not stated | 23 | Active |
Soyuz-2-1A Volga | Not stated | 1 | Retired |
Soyuz-2-1B Союз-2.1б | Not stated | 24 |
| 2036 | 0 | 8 |
| 2037 | 0 | 8 |
| 2038 | 0 | 8 |
| 2039 | 0 | 8 |
| 2040 | 0 | 8 |
| 2041 | 0 | 8 |
1 launch location represented.
| Year | Location | Launches | Confidence | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6 | 8 | 30% | Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence. |
| 2027 | Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6 | 8 | 35% | Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability. |
| 2028 | Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6 | 8 | 30% | Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence. |
| 2029 | Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6 | 8 | 35% | Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability. |
| 2030 | Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6 | 8 | 30% | Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence. |
| 2031 | Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6 | 8 | 35% | Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability. |
| 2032 | Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6 | 8 | 30% | Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence. |
| 2033 | Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6 | 8 | 30% | Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence. |
| 2034 | Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6 | 8 | 30% | Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence. |
| 2035 | Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6 | 8 | 35% | Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability. |
| 2036 | Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6 | 8 | 30% | Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence. |
| 2037 | Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6 | 8 | 35% | Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability. |
| 2038 | Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6 | 8 | 35% | Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability. |
| 2039 | Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6 | 8 | 30% | Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence. |
| 2040 | Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6 | 8 | 35% | Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability. |
| 2041 | Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6 | 8 | 35% | Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability. Site-year coverage backfill copied nearest prior... |
Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
Soyuz-2-1A Союз-2.1а | LEO | 7,150 kg | 200 km | 51.7 deg | RKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page |
Soyuz-2-1A Союз-2.1а | LEO | 7,020 kg | 200 km | 51.8 deg | RKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page |
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat | LEO | 6,900 kg | Unknown | Unknown | Manual variant fallback from Soyuz-2-1B family capacity. |
Soyuz-2-1B Союз-2.1б | LEO | 6,900 kg | 200 km | 98.3 deg | RKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page |
Soyuz-2-1B Союз-2.1б | Polar | 6,900 kg | 200 km | 98.3 deg | RKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page |
Soyuz-2-1A Союз-2.1а | Polar | 5,900 kg | 200 km | 98.3 deg | RKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page |
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat | LEO | 5,900 kg | Unknown | Unknown | Manual variant fallback from Soyuz-2-1A family capacity. |
Soyuz-2-1A Союз-2.1а | LEO | 5,900 kg | 200 km | 98.3 deg | RKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page |
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat | SSO | 4,900 kg | 660 km | Unknown | Arianespace Soyuz CSG User's Manual Issue 2.1, May 2018 |
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat | SSO | 4,450 kg | 660 km | Unknown | Arianespace Soyuz CSG User's Manual Issue 2.1, May 2018 |
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat | GTO | 3,250 kg | Unknown | Unknown | Arianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual Issue 2.1 |
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat | TLI | 1,800 kg | Unknown | Unknown | Arianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual; Soyuz/Fregat lunar mission heritage |
Soyuz-2-1B Союз-2.1б | TLI | 1,500 kg | Unknown | Unknown | RKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page |
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat | TLI | 1,500 kg | Unknown | Unknown | Arianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual; Soyuz/Fregat high-energy mission heritage |
Soyuz-2-1B Союз-2.1б |
| Mar 23, 2026 |
| Progress MS-33 Mission | Soyuz-2-1A Союз-2.1а | Mar 22, 2026 |
| Kosmos-2600-2608? | Soyuz-2-1B Fregat | Feb 5, 2026 |
| Aist-2T No. 1/2 | Soyuz-2-1B Fregat | Dec 28, 2025 |
| Obzor-R No. 1 Mission | Soyuz-2-1A Союз-2.1а | Dec 25, 2025 |
Upcoming mission rows with announced launch timing.
| Mission | Variant | Announced |
|---|---|---|
No forecasted missionsNo upcoming announced mission rows are linked to this vehicle family. | ||
| Active |
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat | Not stated | 59 | Active |
Soyuz-FG | Not stated | 60 | Retired |
Soyuz-FG Fregat | Not stated | 10 | Retired |
Soyuz-ST-A Fregat | Not stated | 9 | Retired |
Soyuz-ST-B Fregat | Not stated | 18 | Retired |
Soyuz-U | Not stated | 633 | Retired |
Soyuz-U2 | Not stated | 72 | Retired |
Soyuz-U-PVB | Not stated | 144 | Retired |
Soyuz-U-PVB Fregat | Not stated | 4 | Retired |
Soyuz-U-PVB Ikar | Not stated | 6 | Retired |
Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
The launch of Soyuz MS-28 is scheduled for November 27th.
The 2nd experimental version of the Soyuz spacecraft, known as Soyuz T, entered orbit 50 years ago.
Bion-M No.2 was launched from Baikonur Cosmodrome on August 20 aboard the Soyuz-2.1b rocket.
The Progress 93 spacecraft will launch on a Soyuz rocket from the Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan.
Iran confirmed that the Earth-observation satellites Zafar and Paya are scheduled for launch aboard a Russian Soyuz rocket in late 2025.
Space Adventures brokered the dedicated private astronaut flight of Soyuz MS-20 that visited the International Space Station.
The Miraikan exhibition displays the descent capsule from Soyuz MS-20, which flew Yusaku Maezawa, Yozo Hizano, and Alexander Misurkin to the International Space Station in December 2021.
Soyuz MS-20 flew Japanese billionaire Yusaku Maezawa, his assistant Yozo Hizano, and Russian cosmonaut Alexander Misurkin to the International Space Station in December 2021.
Soyuz MS-20 spent a week and a half at the International Space Station on a dedicated private astronaut flight brokered by Space Adventures.
Iran launched its domestically-built Nahid-2 communication satellite aboard a Soyuz rocket on 25 July 2025.
The Saturn IB and Apollo used as the Skylab 4 contingency were returned to the Vehicle Assembly Building after the mission and later used for the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project.
CSO-3 was originally manifested to launch on Soyuz but was shifted to Ariane 6 after Russia halted Soyuz launches from French Guiana in 2022.
Delays in Ariane 6 development, retirement of Ariane 5, the loss of Soyuz access after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, and the grounding of Vega C in late 2022 created a gap in European access to space.
Europe experienced a launcher gap caused by delays in Ariane 6, retirement of Ariane 5, loss of access to Soyuz after Russia’s invasion of Ukraine, and the grounding of Vega C after a failure in late 2022.
In 2024, fifteen of the 17 Russian space launches were conducted using Soyuz launch vehicles.
NASA Associate Administrator Ken Bowersox met with Roscosmos Director General Bakanov at Baikonur Cosmodrome before the Soyuz MS-27 launch.
Dmitriev highlighted Russian and US cooperation in the space industry following the launch of Soyuz MS-27 on April 8, 2025.
The Soyuz-2.1v rocket's future for launching 14F150 satellites is uncertain due to potential depletion of its NK-33 engines.
Kosmos-2519 was launched in June 2017 aboard a Soyuz-2.1v rocket.
Kosmos-2576 was launched by a Soyuz-2.1b rocket and carried additional small civilian satellites.