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Launch Vehicles
Vehicle family profile

Soyuz

Союз

Family-level launch record combining canonical variants, historical missions, public cadence forecasts, and available payload performance specs.

Progress Rocket Space CenterActive
Admin
Variants
14
Canonical variants linked to this family.
Historical missions
1,120
Missions in the public mission table with actual launch dates.
Peak listed capacity
8,320 kg
Maximum payload capacity across listed variants and orbits.

Launch Cadence

Historical missions are grouped by actual launch year. Forecast cadence uses family-level launch-rate rows.

YearHistorical missionsForecast launches
2019160
2020150
2021210
2022170
2023150
2024140
2025120
202668
202708
202808
202908
203008
203108
203208
203308
203408
203508

Performance Specs

Payload capacity by variant and target orbit when structured capacity rows are available.

VariantOrbitCapacityAltitudeInclinationSource
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
LEO8,320 kg200 km51.7 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
LEO8,200 kg200 km51.8 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page

Recent Missions

Latest launched missions using variants in this family.

MissionVariantLaunch
Progress MS-34 Mission
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Apr 25, 2026
Kosmos-2609/2612?
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Apr 16, 2026
Meridian No. 21L?
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
Apr 3, 2026
Rassvet-3 G1

Variants

Canonical variants rolled up into this launch vehicle family.

VariantStagesMissionsStatus
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Not stated57Active
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
Not stated23Active
Soyuz-2-1A Volga
Not stated1Retired
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Not stated24
203608
203708
203808
203908
204008
204108

Forecast Location Split

1 launch location represented.

YearLocationLaunchesConfidenceBasis
2026Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2027Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2028Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2029Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2030Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2031Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2032Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2033Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2034Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2035Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2036Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2037Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2038Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2039Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6830%Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.
2040Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.
2041Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6835%Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability. Site-year coverage backfill copied nearest prior...
Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2026 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2027 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2028 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2029 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2030 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2031 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
LEO7,150 kg200 km51.7 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
LEO7,020 kg200 km51.8 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
LEO6,900 kgUnknownUnknownManual variant fallback from Soyuz-2-1B family capacity.
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
LEO6,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Polar6,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Polar5,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
LEO5,900 kgUnknownUnknownManual variant fallback from Soyuz-2-1A family capacity.
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
LEO5,900 kg200 km98.3 degRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
SSO4,900 kg660 kmUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User's Manual Issue 2.1, May 2018
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
SSO4,450 kg660 kmUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User's Manual Issue 2.1, May 2018
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
GTO3,250 kgUnknownUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual Issue 2.1
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
TLI1,800 kgUnknownUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual; Soyuz/Fregat lunar mission heritage
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
TLI1,500 kgUnknownUnknownRKTs Progress Soyuz-2 page
Soyuz-2-1A Fregat
TLI1,500 kgUnknownUnknownArianespace Soyuz CSG User Manual; Soyuz/Fregat high-energy mission heritage
Soyuz-2-1B
Союз-2.1б
Mar 23, 2026
Progress MS-33 Mission
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Mar 22, 2026
Kosmos-2600-2608?
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
Feb 5, 2026
Aist-2T No. 1/2
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
Dec 28, 2025
Obzor-R No. 1 Mission
Soyuz-2-1A
Союз-2.1а
Dec 25, 2025

Forecasted Missions

Upcoming mission rows with announced launch timing.

MissionVariantAnnounced

No forecasted missions

No upcoming announced mission rows are linked to this vehicle family.

Active
Soyuz-2-1B Fregat
Not stated59Active
Soyuz-FG
Not stated60Retired
Soyuz-FG Fregat
Not stated10Retired
Soyuz-ST-A Fregat
Not stated9Retired
Soyuz-ST-B Fregat
Not stated18Retired
Soyuz-U
Not stated633Retired
Soyuz-U2
Not stated72Retired
Soyuz-U-PVB
Not stated144Retired
Soyuz-U-PVB Fregat
Not stated4Retired
Soyuz-U-PVB Ikar
Not stated6Retired
Track
Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2032 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2033 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2034 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2035 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active crew/cargo and payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2036 · 30% confidence
8

Editable low-confidence Soyuz-2/Fregat variant annual throughput default inherited from Soyuz-2 family cadence.

Baikonur Cosmodrome | Site 31/6
2037 · 35% confidence
8

Soyuz-2 active payload variant; conservative annual rate below historical Soyuz-family ability.

Mentions
1150
All verified mentions of this launch vehicle family in source documents.
0.0-5.0
Actions

Roskosmos has not confirmed the Soyuz-5 inaugural test mission date.

PlanValue 2.0Mar 17, 2026Hi Not-Zenit:

A Soyuz-2.1a rocket with the Progress MS-33 spacecraft was installed on Baikonur's Pad 31/6.

Plan
Page10of58
General
Value 4.0
Mar 17, 2026
This morning, Soyuz-2.1a rocket with Progress MS-33 spacecraft was installed on Baikonur's Pad 31/6, which was fully repaired recently. The launch is scheduled for March 22, at 14:59:51 Moscow Time.

Soyuz-2.1a is on Pad 31/6 as of March 17, 2026.

PlanValue 4.0Mar 17, 2026RT by @robert_savitsky: RT by @robert_savitsky: Some drone shots of Soyuz-2.1a on Pad 31/6

The separating part of the Soyuz-5 launch vehicle is planned to fall in the southwestern part of the Kondinsky district near the Bolshaya and Malaya Leushinka, Samsur, Chernaya, and Kuma rivers and up to the border with the Taborinsky district of the Sverdlovsk region.

PlanValue 3.2Mar 17, 2026Launch on March 27. Backup window on March 28.

The launch of Soyuz-2.1a with Progress MS-33 is scheduled for March 22 at 14:59:51 Moscow Time.

PlanValue 4.0Mar 17, 2026This morning, Soyuz-2.1a rocket with Progress MS-33 spacecraft was installed on Baikonur's Pad 31/6, which was fully repaired recently. The launch is scheduled for March 22, at 14:59:51 Moscow Time.

The Soyuz-2.1a rocket for Progress MS-33 is fully assembled at the Baikonur cosmodrome.

PlanCapabilityValue 4.0Mar 17, 2026Rollout of Soyuz-2.1a with Progress MS-33 spacecraft is happening at the Baikonur cosmodrome right now

The Soyuz-5 rocket is scheduled to fly its inaugural test mission on March 27.

PlanValue 4.4Mar 17, 2026Hi Not-Zenit:

The Soyuz-5 launch vehicle is planned for March 27, 2026, at approximately 16:00 local time from the Baikonur Cosmodrome.

PlanValue 4.0Mar 17, 2026Launch on March 27. Backup window on March 28.

Roscosmos State Corporation has scheduled the Soyuz-5 launch for March 27, 2026.

PlanGeneralValue 4.5Mar 17, 2026Launch on March 27. Backup window on March 28.

Soyuz-2.1a is a Russian launch vehicle developed by RKTs Progress.

CapabilityRelationshipsValue 4.0Mar 17, 2026RT by @robert_savitsky: RT by @robert_savitsky: Soyuz-2.1a rollout video from RKTs Progress

The Soyuz-2.1a rocket for Progress MS-33 is fully assembled.

PlanCapabilityValue 4.0Mar 16, 2026The Soyuz-2.1a rocket for the launch of Progress MS-33 is now fully assembled Tomorrow morning is the rollout to Pad 31/6. Workers will have two full days to check how the new service cabin fits. After that, a usual launch preparation will begin. pic.

The Soyuz-2.1a rocket for Progress MS-33 will be rolled out to Pad 31/6 tomorrow morning.

PlanGeneralValue 4.2Mar 16, 2026The Soyuz-2.1a rocket for the launch of Progress MS-33 is now fully assembled Tomorrow morning is the rollout to Pad 31/6. Workers will have two full days to check how the new service cabin fits. After that, a usual launch preparation will begin. pic.

From 2011 to 2020, the United States relied on Russia’s Soyuz spacecraft to send astronauts to orbit.

GeneralValue 3.0Mar 16, 2026If China returns to the Moon first, will Americans care?

Progress MS-33 is scheduled for integration with a Soyuz-2.1a launch vehicle on Monday, March 16, 2026.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Mar 13, 2026Fairing integration is completed. Integration of Progress MS-33 with the launch vehicle (Soyuz-2.1a) is scheduled for Monday, March 16. Rollout should happen one day later, on March 17. pic.

Site 1S hosts a Soyuz-2 launch pad.

GeneralValue 4.0Mar 6, 2026Soyuz-2 launch pad at Site 1S

The expansion plan includes a storage facility labeled for Soyuz-2 rocket blocks (Склад блоков РН «Союз-2»).

PlanGrowthValue 3.6Mar 6, 2026Technical Complex expansion plan. It's probably few years old, but the building marked in purple is the one that they built recently, specifically for Angara payloads.

Representatives of MaiaSpace, local authorities of Kourou, and the French space agency CNES met on February 24 at the former Soyuz launch base site in the Guiana Space Centre to sign a Temporary Occupation Agreement of the Public Domain.

LegalRelationshipsValue 3.8Mar 3, 2026MaiaSpace aplaza el vuelo suborbital inaugural de su cohete Maia hasta 2027

The Temporary Occupation Agreement of the Public Domain allows MaiaSpace to begin dismantling Russian-specific infrastructure at the former Soyuz launch base site and to start construction of modifications for Maia launches from the site.

LegalPlanValue 4.6Mar 3, 2026MaiaSpace aplaza el vuelo suborbital inaugural de su cohete Maia hasta 2027

MaiaSpace began work on adapting the former Soyuz facility last year.

CapabilityGrowthValue 3.6Mar 2, 2026MaiaSpace Pushes Inaugural Launch of Maia Rocket to 2027

CNES published an opportunity for a commercial operator to take over the former Soyuz site in April 2024.

LegalGeneralValue 2.2Mar 2, 2026MaiaSpace Pushes Inaugural Launch of Maia Rocket to 2027