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BIROS

retired
Earth ObservationLEOCOSPAR 2016-040FLaunched 6/22/2016
Admin Edit
Mission & Launch
Launch Mission
Cartosat-2(S)
Launch Vehicle
PSLV-XL
Launch Date
6/22/2016
Last Contact
12/22/2025
Orbit & Mass
Orbit Class
LEO
Altitude
508 km
Inclination
97.51 deg
Dry Mass
130 kg
Total Mass
130 kg
Payload Classification
Mission Type
Earth Observation
Payload Category
IMG
Payload Class
C
Organizations
Operator
German Aerospace Center (DLR)
Manufacturer
Astro- und Feinwerktechnik Adlershof GmbH
Registry
COSPAR ID
2016-040F
UN Registration
ST/SG/SER.E/776
Track
Mentions
13
All verified mentions of this spacecraft in source documents.
0.0-5.0
Actions

BIROS is developed and built by DLR's Institute for Optical Sensor Systems in Berlin-Adlershof, in collaboration with Astro- und Feinwerktechnik Adlershof GmbH.

RelationshipsValue 4.0Jan 23, 2026Feuriges Ende für Satellit zur Feuerüberwachung

The experiences gathered from the BIROS mission provide important insights for future small satellite missions hunting high-temperature phenomena.

General
Value 2.0
Jan 23, 2026
Feuriges Ende für Satellit zur Feuerüberwachung

The Kleinsatellit BIROS of DLR completely burned up upon re-entering the Earth's atmosphere on January 22, 2026.

GeneralValue 4.0Jan 23, 2026Feuriges Ende für Satellit zur Feuerüberwachung

The software development for the BIROS satellite involved DLR's Institute for Software Technology in Braunschweig and the Julius Maximilians University of Würzburg.

CapabilityRelationshipsValue 3.5Jan 23, 2026Feuriges Ende für Satellit zur Feuerüberwachung

The HSRS camera system in BIROS could adapt to different temperatures ranging from 300 to 1300 degrees Celsius.

CapabilityValue 4.0Jan 23, 2026Feuriges Ende für Satellit zur Feuerüberwachung

Aerospace Innovation GmbH and DLR's Institute of Aerodynamics and Flow Technology in Göttingen were responsible for BIROS's propulsion segment.

RelationshipsCapabilityValue 4.0Jan 23, 2026Feuriges Ende für Satellit zur Feuerüberwachung

The Ground Segment of the FireBIRD mission consisted of several DLR facilities, with the GSOC in Oberpfaffenhofen controlling TET-1 and BIROS.

CapabilityGeneralValue 4.0Jan 23, 2026Feuriges Ende für Satellit zur Feuerüberwachung

BIROS was capable of detecting small fires as small as ten square meters as well as large bushfires and extensive lava flows without signal overflow.

CapabilityGeneralValue 4.0Jan 23, 2026Feuriges Ende für Satellit zur Feuerüberwachung

During its development phase, the BIROS project displayed a clear task distribution where DLR handled system technical research and small industries were responsible for the development and manufacture of standardized satellite bus components.

CapabilityRelationshipsValue 3.5Jan 23, 2026Feuriges Ende für Satellit zur Feuerüberwachung

BIROS was launched as part of the FireBIRD mission and was the second satellite alongside the nearly identical TET-1.

GeneralPlanValue 4.0Jan 23, 2026Feuriges Ende für Satellit zur Feuerüberwachung

The BIROS satellite operated for nearly ten years detecting wildfires, volcanic eruptions, and other high-temperature events on Earth.

CapabilityGeneralValue 4.0Jan 23, 2026Feuriges Ende für Satellit zur Feuerüberwachung

BIROS monitored various fire outbreaks and volcanic eruptions since its launch in 2016 using a highly sensitive infrared camera system.

CapabilityGeneralValue 3.5Jan 23, 2026Feuriges Ende für Satellit zur Feuerüberwachung

Both BIROS and TET-1 were equipped with the Hot Spot Recognition System (HSRS), which used infrared wavelengths to analyze fires.

CapabilityValue 4.0Jan 23, 2026Feuriges Ende für Satellit zur Feuerüberwachung