Venera-D is a spacecraft planned for the mid-late 2030s.
The team developed a new understanding of Venus' aerosol composition by re-analyzing the PV Large Probe mass spectra and re-evaluating results from the Soviet Venera and Vega landers.
The Venera and Vega probes measured substantial water in Venus' clouds after capturing aerosols.
The Kosmos 482 Descent Craft, a lander module from a failed Soviet Venera mission, reentered Earth's atmosphere on May 10, 2025.
The space probe was launched in 1972 as part of the Soviet Venera program, intended for a soft landing on Venus.
Russia is developing a Venus mission concept called Venera-D that would include an orbiter and lander and would launch no earlier than 2023.
Russia is developing a Venera-D mission concept to Venus with both an orbiter and a lander that would launch no earlier than 2026.