Vikram

Vikram carries a deployable Langmuir Probe, a probe to measure thermal properties of the lunar surface down to a depth of 0.1 m, an instrument for detecting lunar seismic activity, and a passive Laser Retroreflector Array provided by NASA.

The 1,752-kilogram Vikram lander will deploy the six-wheeled Pragyan rover onto the lunar surface via a ramp.

Chandrayaan-3 was developed by ISRO as a two-module configuration comprising a 2,148-kilogram propulsion module and a 1,752-kilogram lander named Vikram carrying a 26-kilogram Pragyan rover.

Skyroot Aerospace launched Vikram-S, India’s first privately developed rocket, on 2022-11-18 from the Satish Dhawan Space Centre in Sriharikota.

Vikram-S was a suborbital launch to test and validate technologies for Skyroot Aerospace’s planned Vikram 1 orbital-class launcher scheduled for 2023.

The Vikram Launch Vehicle series can launch up to 800 kg of payload to Low Earth Orbit (LEO).

The Vikram S flight will test subsystems and technologies intended for Skyroot Aerospace’s orbital-class vehicles Vikram 1, Vikram 2, and Vikram 3.

The Vikram S is a single-stage, solid-fueled suborbital rocket being developed for an inaugural flight by the end of 2022.

Skyroot Aerospace aims to launch its solid-fueled Vikram S suborbital rocket by the end of 2022.

Vikram 1’s third stage underwent a full-duration test in May that lasted 108 seconds and reached a peak thrust of 9,979 kg.

Vikram 1 is a solid-fueled, three-stage satellite launcher designed to deliver up to 500 kg of payload to low Earth orbit or sun-synchronous polar orbit.

Skyroot Aerospace is developing Vikram 2 and Vikram 3 to carry heavier payloads with multiple orbital insertions.

Skyroot Aerospace’s Vikram series rockets can launch up to 800 kg of payload to Low Earth Orbit (LEO).

Vikram 1 is designed to deliver up to 500 kg of payload to sun-synchronous polar orbit.

Vikram 1 is a solid-fueled, three-stage satellite launcher designed to deliver up to 500 kg of payload to low Earth orbit.

Skyroot Aerospace is developing the Vikram-1 rocket with three solid propellant stages, each stage having a burn time between 80 and 100 seconds.

NASA identified the crash site of India’s Vikram lunar lander on 2019-12-02 with assistance from an amateur image analyst.

S. Somanath, director of ISRO’s Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre, indicated that ISRO delayed a formal announcement about the lander’s fate until engineers completed simulations and acknowledged that Vikram likely landed at a speed beyond its survivability.