Family-level launch record combining canonical variants, historical missions, public cadence forecasts, and available payload performance specs.
Historical missions are grouped by actual launch year. Forecast cadence uses family-level launch-rate rows.
| Year | Historical missions | Forecast launches |
|---|---|---|
| 2015 | 1 | 0 |
| 2016 | 1 | 0 |
| 2017 | 1 | 0 |
| 2018 | 2 | 0 |
| 2021 | 1 | 0 |
| 2023 | 1 | 0 |
| 2024 | 1 | 0 |
| 2025 | 2 | 0 |
| 2026 | 0 | 2 |
| 2027 | 0 | 2 |
| 2028 | 0 | 2 |
| 2029 | 0 | 2 |
| 2030 | 0 | 2 |
| 2031 | 0 | 2 |
| 2032 | 0 | 2 |
| 2033 | 0 | 2 |
| 2034 | 0 | 2 |
Payload capacity by variant and target orbit when structured capacity rows are available.
| Variant | Orbit | Capacity | Altitude | Inclination | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
GSLV Mk II | LEO | 6,000 kg | Unknown | Unknown | ISRO GSLV Mk II page |
GSLV Mk II | SSO | 2,392 kg | 743 km | 98.4 deg | ISRO GSLV-F16/NISAR mission page |
Latest launched missions using variants in this family.
| Mission | Variant | Launch |
|---|---|---|
| NISAR Mission | GSLV Mk II c | Jul 30, 2025 |
| NVS-02 Mission | GSLV Mk II c | Jan 29, 2025 |
| Insat-2DS | GSLV Mk II c | Feb 17, 2024 |
| NVS-01 Mission |
Canonical variants rolled up into this launch vehicle family.
| Variant | Stages | Missions | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
GSLV Mk II | Not stated | 6 | Active |
GSLV Mk II b | Not stated | 1 | Retired |
GSLV Mk II c | Not stated | 5 | Active |
| 2035 | 0 | 2 |
| 2036 | 0 | 2 |
| 2037 | 0 | 2 |
| 2038 | 0 | 2 |
| 2039 | 0 | 2 |
| 2040 | 0 | 2 |
| 2041 | 0 | 2 |
1 launch location represented.
| Year | Location | Launches | Confidence | Basis |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | Satish Dhawan Space Centre | Second Launch Pad | 2 | 25% | Variant inherits GSLV Mk II low-cadence default. |
| 2027 | Satish Dhawan Space Centre | Second Launch Pad | 2 | 25% | Variant inherits GSLV Mk II low-cadence default. |
| 2028 | Satish Dhawan Space Centre | Second Launch Pad | 2 | 25% | ISRO GSLV Mk II active but lower-cadence launcher; use conservative annual default. |
| 2029 | Satish Dhawan Space Centre | Second Launch Pad | 2 | 25% | ISRO GSLV Mk II active but lower-cadence launcher; use conservative annual default. |
| 2030 | Satish Dhawan Space Centre | Second Launch Pad | 2 | 25% | ISRO GSLV Mk II active but lower-cadence launcher; use conservative annual default. |
| 2031 | Satish Dhawan Space Centre | Second Launch Pad | 2 | 25% | ISRO GSLV Mk II active but lower-cadence launcher; use conservative annual default. |
| 2032 | Satish Dhawan Space Centre | Second Launch Pad | 2 | 25% | Variant inherits GSLV Mk II low-cadence default. |
| 2033 | Satish Dhawan Space Centre | Second Launch Pad | 2 | 25% | ISRO GSLV Mk II active but lower-cadence launcher; use conservative annual default. |
| 2034 | Satish Dhawan Space Centre | Second Launch Pad | 2 | 25% | ISRO GSLV Mk II active but lower-cadence launcher; use conservative annual default. |
| 2035 | Satish Dhawan Space Centre | Second Launch Pad | 2 | 25% | Variant inherits GSLV Mk II low-cadence default. |
| 2036 | Satish Dhawan Space Centre | Second Launch Pad | 2 | 25% | ISRO GSLV Mk II active but lower-cadence launcher; use conservative annual default. |
| 2037 | Satish Dhawan Space Centre | Second Launch Pad | 2 | 25% | ISRO GSLV Mk II active but lower-cadence launcher; use conservative annual default. |
| 2038 | Satish Dhawan Space Centre | Second Launch Pad | 2 | 25% | Variant inherits GSLV Mk II low-cadence default. |
| 2039 | Satish Dhawan Space Centre | Second Launch Pad | 2 | 25% | ISRO GSLV Mk II active but lower-cadence launcher; use conservative annual default. |
| 2040 | Satish Dhawan Space Centre | Second Launch Pad | 2 | 25% | ISRO GSLV Mk II active but lower-cadence launcher; use conservative annual default. |
| 2041 | Satish Dhawan Space Centre | Second Launch Pad | 2 | 25% | ISRO GSLV Mk II active but lower-cadence launcher; use conservative annual default. Site-year coverage backfill copied nearest prior site-rate row. |
Variant inherits GSLV Mk II low-cadence default.
Variant inherits GSLV Mk II low-cadence default.
ISRO GSLV Mk II active but lower-cadence launcher; use conservative annual default.
ISRO GSLV Mk II active but lower-cadence launcher; use conservative annual default.
ISRO GSLV Mk II active but lower-cadence launcher; use conservative annual default.
ISRO GSLV Mk II active but lower-cadence launcher; use conservative annual default.
GSLV Mk II |
| GTO |
| 2,250 kg |
| Unknown |
| Unknown |
| ISRO GSLV page |
GSLV Mk II c | GTO | 2,250 kg | Unknown | Unknown | ISRO GSLV page |
GSLV Mk II c |
| May 29, 2023 |
| Launch 2021-F06 | GSLV Mk II | Aug 12, 2021 |
| GSAT-7A Mission | GSLV Mk II c | Dec 19, 2018 |
| GSAT-6A Mission | GSLV Mk II b | Mar 29, 2018 |
| GSAT-9 | GSLV Mk II | May 5, 2017 |
Upcoming mission rows with announced launch timing.
| Mission | Variant | Announced |
|---|---|---|
No forecasted missionsNo upcoming announced mission rows are linked to this vehicle family. | ||
Variant inherits GSLV Mk II low-cadence default.
ISRO GSLV Mk II active but lower-cadence launcher; use conservative annual default.
ISRO GSLV Mk II active but lower-cadence launcher; use conservative annual default.
Variant inherits GSLV Mk II low-cadence default.
ISRO GSLV Mk II active but lower-cadence launcher; use conservative annual default.
ISRO GSLV Mk II active but lower-cadence launcher; use conservative annual default.
The First Launch Pad cannot support GSLV Mk II or LVM3 launches because the cryogenic upper stages of those vehicles require increased preparatory infrastructure that predates the FLP.
The Second Launch Pad was built in 2005 primarily to launch the heavier GSLV Mk II and LVM3 rockets and can host PSLV launches less frequently.
The third launch pad will be capable of supporting launches of the GSLV Mk II even though ISRO plans to phase out the GSLV Mk II in favor of the LVM3.
The PSLV and the GSLV Mk II share the S139 solid rocket booster as their core stage.
The GSLV Mk II cryogenic upper stage (CUS) uses liquid hydrogen and liquid oxygen as propellants and was developed indigenously by ISRO.
ISRO launched NISAR on a Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark II (GSLV Mk II).
The first GSLV Mk II launch took place on April 18, 2001.
The GSLV Mk II is capable of placing around 5,000 kilograms into low Earth orbit (LEO).
The GSLV Mk II vehicle is capable of placing around 5,000 kilograms of payload into low Earth orbit (LEO).
With the NISAR launch, a GSLV Mk II vehicle placed a 2,392-kilogram satellite into a Sun-synchronous orbit at an altitude of 747 kilometers for the first time.
ISRO used a Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle Mark II (GSLV Mk II) to launch NISAR.
The GSLV Mk II vehicle is capable of placing about 2,500 kilograms of payload into geostationary transfer orbit (GTO).
The GSLV Mk II is capable of placing about 2,500 kilograms into geostationary transfer orbit (GTO).
The GSLV Mk II placed, for the first time, a 2,392-kilogram satellite into a Sun-synchronous orbit at an altitude of 747 kilometers.
On January 5, 2014, GSLV Mk II-V-D5 achieved the first successful demonstration of India’s indigenous cryogenic engine technology.
The PSLV shares the liquid-fueled Vikas engine with the GSLV Mk II and LVM3 rockets.
A GSLV Mk II is slated to launch the joint NASA-ISRO Synthetic Aperture Radar (NISAR) Earth observation satellite.
India has successfully developed the four-stage Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) and the three-stage Geosynchronous Launch Vehicle (GSLV)-Mk-II, with various payload capacities.