Family-level launch record combining canonical variants, historical missions, public cadence forecasts, and available payload performance specs.
Historical missions are grouped by actual launch year. Forecast cadence uses family-level launch-rate rows.
| Year | Historical missions | Forecast launches |
|---|---|---|
| 1958 | 4 | 0 |
| 1959 | 4 | 0 |
| 1960 | 2 | 0 |
| 1961 | 3 | 0 |
Payload capacity by variant and target orbit when structured capacity rows are available.
| Variant | Orbit | Capacity | Altitude | Inclination | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No performance specsNo structured payload capacity rows are linked to this vehicle family. | |||||
Latest launched missions using variants in this family.
| Mission | Variant | Launch |
|---|---|---|
| Launch 1961-F04 | Juno II | May 24, 1961 |
| Explorer 11 | Juno II | Apr 27, 1961 |
| Launch 1961-F01 | Juno II | Feb 25, 1961 |
| Explorer 8 |
Canonical variants rolled up into this launch vehicle family.
| Variant | Stages | Missions | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
Juno II | Not stated | 10 | Retired |
Jupiter C | Not stated | 3 | Retired |
Juno II |
| Nov 3, 1960 |
| Launch 1960-F04 | Juno II | Mar 23, 1960 |
| Explorer 7 | Juno II | Oct 13, 1959 |
| Launch 1959-F07 | Juno II | Aug 15, 1959 |
| Launch 1959-F05 | Juno II | Jul 16, 1959 |
Upcoming mission rows with announced launch timing.
| Mission | Variant | Announced |
|---|---|---|
No forecasted missionsNo upcoming announced mission rows are linked to this vehicle family. | ||
Jupiter's atmospheric dynamics make it difficult to determine the abundances of chemical species such as water and metals.
The Tianwen-2 mission will also serve as a test of China's deep space communications infrastructure ahead of the Tianwen-4 mission to Jupiter.
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Radiation damage takes place during one day of Europa Clipper's 21-day orbit of Jupiter, and the remainder of the orbit provides time for self-annealing to repair damage.