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Launch Vehicles
Vehicle family profile

Vulcan

Family-level launch record combining canonical variants, historical missions, public cadence forecasts, and available payload performance specs.

United Launch Alliance (ULA)Active
Admin
Variants
6
Canonical variants linked to this family.
Historical missions
4
Missions in the public mission table with actual launch dates.
Peak listed capacity
27,200 kg
Maximum payload capacity across listed variants and orbits.

Launch Cadence

Historical missions are grouped by actual launch year. Forecast cadence uses family-level launch-rate rows.

YearHistorical missionsForecast launches
202420
202510
2026114
2027019
2028023
2029025
2030025
2031025
2032025
2033025
2034025
2035025
2036025
2037025
2038025
2039025
2040025

Performance Specs

Payload capacity by variant and target orbit when structured capacity rows are available.

VariantOrbitCapacityAltitudeInclinationSource
Vulcan Centaur VC4L
LEO27,200 kgUnknownUnknownManual Vulcan VC4L fallback from nearby Vulcan Centaur performance profile.
Vulcan Centaur VC4S
LEO27,200 kgUnknownUnknownULA Vulcan Launch Systems User Guide
Vulcan Centaur VC6S
LEO27,200 kg200 km

Recent Missions

Latest launched missions using variants in this family.

MissionVariantLaunch
USSF-87
Vulcan Centaur VC4S
Feb 12, 2026
USSF-106
Vulcan Centaur VC4S
Aug 13, 2025
CERT-2
Vulcan Centaur VC2S
Oct 4, 2024
Peregrine

Variants

Canonical variants rolled up into this launch vehicle family.

VariantStagesMissionsStatus
Vulcan Centaur VC2L
Not stated0Active
Vulcan Centaur VC2S
Not stated2Active
Vulcan Centaur VC4L
Not stated0Active
Vulcan Centaur VC4S
Not stated2Active
2041025

Forecast Location Split

2 launch locations represented.

YearLocationLaunchesConfidenceBasis
2026Space Launch Complex 41, Cape Canaveral (Cape Canaveral Air Station, Florida)1065%Base assumes ULA reaches its stated 18-22 total annual company cadence in 2026 only partially on Vulcan, then stabilizes around 25 Vulcan/year across Florida a...
2026Space Launch Complex 3-East, Vandenberg AFB (South Vandenberg AFB, California)450%Vandenberg supports NSSL/polar missions. Base ramps from a small 2026 count to a mature 9/year as pad, upper-stage, SRB, and national-security processing stabi...
2027Space Launch Complex 41, Cape Canaveral (Cape Canaveral Air Station, Florida)1365%Base assumes ULA reaches its stated 18-22 total annual company cadence in 2026 only partially on Vulcan, then stabilizes around 25 Vulcan/year across Florida a...
2027Space Launch Complex 3-East, Vandenberg AFB (South Vandenberg AFB, California)650%Vandenberg supports NSSL/polar missions. Base ramps from a small 2026 count to a mature 9/year as pad, upper-stage, SRB, and national-security processing stabi...
2028Space Launch Complex 41, Cape Canaveral (Cape Canaveral Air Station, Florida)1565%Base assumes ULA reaches its stated 18-22 total annual company cadence in 2026 only partially on Vulcan, then stabilizes around 25 Vulcan/year across Florida a...
2028Space Launch Complex 3-East, Vandenberg AFB (South Vandenberg AFB, California)850%Vandenberg supports NSSL/polar missions. Base ramps from a small 2026 count to a mature 9/year as pad, upper-stage, SRB, and national-security processing stabi...
2029Space Launch Complex 41, Cape Canaveral (Cape Canaveral Air Station, Florida)1665%Base assumes ULA reaches its stated 18-22 total annual company cadence in 2026 only partially on Vulcan, then stabilizes around 25 Vulcan/year across Florida a...
2029Space Launch Complex 3-East, Vandenberg AFB (South Vandenberg AFB, California)950%Vandenberg supports NSSL/polar missions. Base ramps from a small 2026 count to a mature 9/year as pad, upper-stage, SRB, and national-security processing stabi...
2030Space Launch Complex 41, Cape Canaveral (Cape Canaveral Air Station, Florida)1665%Base assumes ULA reaches its stated 18-22 total annual company cadence in 2026 only partially on Vulcan, then stabilizes around 25 Vulcan/year across Florida a...
2030Space Launch Complex 3-East, Vandenberg AFB (South Vandenberg AFB, California)950%Vandenberg supports NSSL/polar missions. Base ramps from a small 2026 count to a mature 9/year as pad, upper-stage, SRB, and national-security processing stabi...
2031Space Launch Complex 41, Cape Canaveral (Cape Canaveral Air Station, Florida)1665%Base assumes ULA reaches its stated 18-22 total annual company cadence in 2026 only partially on Vulcan, then stabilizes around 25 Vulcan/year across Florida a...
2031Space Launch Complex 3-East, Vandenberg AFB (South Vandenberg AFB, California)950%Vandenberg supports NSSL/polar missions. Base ramps from a small 2026 count to a mature 9/year as pad, upper-stage, SRB, and national-security processing stabi...
2032Space Launch Complex 41, Cape Canaveral (Cape Canaveral Air Station, Florida)1665%Base assumes ULA reaches its stated 18-22 total annual company cadence in 2026 only partially on Vulcan, then stabilizes around 25 Vulcan/year across Florida a...
2032Space Launch Complex 3-East, Vandenberg AFB (South Vandenberg AFB, California)950%Vandenberg supports NSSL/polar missions. Base ramps from a small 2026 count to a mature 9/year as pad, upper-stage, SRB, and national-security processing stabi...
2033Space Launch Complex 41, Cape Canaveral (Cape Canaveral Air Station, Florida)1665%Base assumes ULA reaches its stated 18-22 total annual company cadence in 2026 only partially on Vulcan, then stabilizes around 25 Vulcan/year across Florida a...
2033Space Launch Complex 3-East, Vandenberg AFB (South Vandenberg AFB, California)950%Vandenberg supports NSSL/polar missions. Base ramps from a small 2026 count to a mature 9/year as pad, upper-stage, SRB, and national-security processing stabi...
2034Space Launch Complex 41, Cape Canaveral (Cape Canaveral Air Station, Florida)1665%Base assumes ULA reaches its stated 18-22 total annual company cadence in 2026 only partially on Vulcan, then stabilizes around 25 Vulcan/year across Florida a...
2034Space Launch Complex 3-East, Vandenberg AFB (South Vandenberg AFB, California)950%Vandenberg supports NSSL/polar missions. Base ramps from a small 2026 count to a mature 9/year as pad, upper-stage, SRB, and national-security processing stabi...
2035Space Launch Complex 41, Cape Canaveral (Cape Canaveral Air Station, Florida)1665%Base assumes ULA reaches its stated 18-22 total annual company cadence in 2026 only partially on Vulcan, then stabilizes around 25 Vulcan/year across Florida a...
2035Space Launch Complex 3-East, Vandenberg AFB (South Vandenberg AFB, California)950%Vandenberg supports NSSL/polar missions. Base ramps from a small 2026 count to a mature 9/year as pad, upper-stage, SRB, and national-security processing stabi...
2036Space Launch Complex 41, Cape Canaveral (Cape Canaveral Air Station, Florida)1665%Base assumes ULA reaches its stated 18-22 total annual company cadence in 2026 only partially on Vulcan, then stabilizes around 25 Vulcan/year across Florida a...
2036Space Launch Complex 3-East, Vandenberg AFB (South Vandenberg AFB, California)950%Vandenberg supports NSSL/polar missions. Base ramps from a small 2026 count to a mature 9/year as pad, upper-stage, SRB, and national-security processing stabi...
2037Space Launch Complex 41, Cape Canaveral (Cape Canaveral Air Station, Florida)1665%Base assumes ULA reaches its stated 18-22 total annual company cadence in 2026 only partially on Vulcan, then stabilizes around 25 Vulcan/year across Florida a...
2037Space Launch Complex 3-East, Vandenberg AFB (South Vandenberg AFB, California)950%Vandenberg supports NSSL/polar missions. Base ramps from a small 2026 count to a mature 9/year as pad, upper-stage, SRB, and national-security processing stabi...
Space Launch Complex 41, Cape Canaveral (Cape Canaveral Air Station, Florida)
2026 · 65% confidence
10

Base assumes ULA reaches its stated 18-22 total annual company cadence in 2026 only partially on Vulcan, then stabilizes around 25 Vulcan/year across Florida and Vandenberg after ...

Space Launch Complex 3-East, Vandenberg AFB (South Vandenberg AFB, California)
2026 · 50% confidence
4

Vandenberg supports NSSL/polar missions. Base ramps from a small 2026 count to a mature 9/year as pad, upper-stage, SRB, and national-security processing stabilize.

Space Launch Complex 41, Cape Canaveral (Cape Canaveral Air Station, Florida)
2027 · 65% confidence
13

Base assumes ULA reaches its stated 18-22 total annual company cadence in 2026 only partially on Vulcan, then stabilizes around 25 Vulcan/year across Florida and Vandenberg after ...

Space Launch Complex 3-East, Vandenberg AFB (South Vandenberg AFB, California)
2027 · 50% confidence
6

Vandenberg supports NSSL/polar missions. Base ramps from a small 2026 count to a mature 9/year as pad, upper-stage, SRB, and national-security processing stabilize.

Space Launch Complex 41, Cape Canaveral (Cape Canaveral Air Station, Florida)
2028 · 65% confidence
15

Base assumes ULA reaches its stated 18-22 total annual company cadence in 2026 only partially on Vulcan, then stabilizes around 25 Vulcan/year across Florida and Vandenberg after ...

28.7 deg
ULA Vulcan public performance page
Vulcan Centaur VC6L
LEO27,200 kg200 km28.7 degULA Vulcan public performance page
Vulcan Centaur VC6L
LEO25,600 kg407 km51.6 degULA Vulcan Launch Systems User Guide October 2023
Vulcan Centaur VC6L
Polar23,900 kg200 km90 degULA Vulcan public performance page
Vulcan Centaur VC6S
Polar23,900 kg200 km90 degULA Vulcan public performance page
Vulcan Centaur VC6L
SSO22,300 kg555 km98.75 degULA Vulcan Launch Systems User Guide October 2023
Vulcan Centaur VC2L
LEO19,000 kg200 km28.7 degULA Vulcan public performance page
Vulcan Centaur VC4L
SSO18,500 kg555 km98.75 degULA Vulcan Launch Systems User's Guide October 2023
Vulcan Centaur VC2S
LEO16,300 kg407 km51.6 degULA Vulcan Launch Systems User's Guide
Vulcan Centaur VC2L
LEO16,300 kg407 km51.6 degULA Vulcan Launch Systems User Guide / public performance page
Vulcan Centaur VC2L
Polar15,200 kg200 km90 degULA Vulcan public performance page
Vulcan Centaur VC6L
GTO14,500 kgUnknown27 degULA Vulcan public performance page
Vulcan Centaur VC2S
SSO14,400 kg555 km98.75 degULA Vulcan Launch Systems User's Guide
Vulcan Centaur VC6S
GTO14,400 kgUnknown27 degULA Vulcan Launch Systems User Guide October 2023
Vulcan Centaur VC6S
GTO12,000 kgUnknown19.2 degULA Vulcan Launch Systems User Guide October 2023
Vulcan Centaur VC4S
GTO11,600 kgUnknown27 degULA Vulcan Launch Systems User's Guide
Vulcan Centaur VC6L
TLI11,500 kgUnknownUnknownULA Vulcan public performance page
Vulcan Centaur VC6S
TLI11,300 kgUnknownUnknownULA Vulcan Launch Systems User Guide October 2023
Vulcan Centaur VC6S
HEO10,600 kgUnknown63.4 degULA Vulcan Launch Systems User Guide October 2023
Vulcan Centaur VC4S
GTO9,500 kgUnknown19.2 degULA Vulcan Launch Systems User's Guide
Vulcan Centaur VC4L
GTO9,500 kgUnknownUnknownManual Vulcan VC4L fallback from nearby Vulcan Centaur performance profile.
Vulcan Centaur VC4S
TLI9,100 kgUnknownUnknownULA Vulcan Launch Systems User's Guide
Vulcan Centaur VC4S
HEO8,900 kgUnknown63.4 degULA Vulcan Launch Systems User's Guide
Vulcan Centaur VC2L
GTO8,400 kgUnknown27 degULA Vulcan public performance page
Vulcan Centaur VC2S
GTO8,300 kgUnknown27 degULA Vulcan Launch Systems User's Guide
Vulcan Centaur VC6L
MEO8,100 kg20,368 km55 degULA Vulcan public performance page
Vulcan Centaur VC6S
MEO7,900 kg20,368 km55 degULA Vulcan Launch Systems User Guide October 2023
Vulcan Centaur VC6S
escape7,600 kgUnknownUnknownULA Vulcan Launch Systems User Guide October 2023
Vulcan Centaur VC2S
Jan 8, 2024

Forecasted Missions

Upcoming mission rows with announced launch timing.

MissionVariantAnnounced

No forecasted missions

No upcoming announced mission rows are linked to this vehicle family.

Vulcan Centaur VC6L
Not stated0Active
Vulcan Centaur VC6S
Not stated0Active
Track
Space Launch Complex 3-East, Vandenberg AFB (South Vandenberg AFB, California)
2028 · 50% confidence
8

Vandenberg supports NSSL/polar missions. Base ramps from a small 2026 count to a mature 9/year as pad, upper-stage, SRB, and national-security processing stabilize.

Space Launch Complex 41, Cape Canaveral (Cape Canaveral Air Station, Florida)
2029 · 65% confidence
16

Base assumes ULA reaches its stated 18-22 total annual company cadence in 2026 only partially on Vulcan, then stabilizes around 25 Vulcan/year across Florida and Vandenberg after ...

Space Launch Complex 3-East, Vandenberg AFB (South Vandenberg AFB, California)
2029 · 50% confidence
9

Vandenberg supports NSSL/polar missions. Base ramps from a small 2026 count to a mature 9/year as pad, upper-stage, SRB, and national-security processing stabilize.

Space Launch Complex 41, Cape Canaveral (Cape Canaveral Air Station, Florida)
2030 · 65% confidence
16

Base assumes ULA reaches its stated 18-22 total annual company cadence in 2026 only partially on Vulcan, then stabilizes around 25 Vulcan/year across Florida and Vandenberg after ...

Space Launch Complex 3-East, Vandenberg AFB (South Vandenberg AFB, California)
2030 · 50% confidence
9

Vandenberg supports NSSL/polar missions. Base ramps from a small 2026 count to a mature 9/year as pad, upper-stage, SRB, and national-security processing stabilize.

Space Launch Complex 41, Cape Canaveral (Cape Canaveral Air Station, Florida)
2031 · 65% confidence
16

Base assumes ULA reaches its stated 18-22 total annual company cadence in 2026 only partially on Vulcan, then stabilizes around 25 Vulcan/year across Florida and Vandenberg after ...

Space Launch Complex 3-East, Vandenberg AFB (South Vandenberg AFB, California)
2031 · 50% confidence
9

Vandenberg supports NSSL/polar missions. Base ramps from a small 2026 count to a mature 9/year as pad, upper-stage, SRB, and national-security processing stabilize.

Mentions
570
All verified mentions of this launch vehicle family in source documents.
0.0-5.0
Actions

The Space Force has moved a GPS III mission from Vulcan to Falcon 9 four times to preserve GPS constellation modernization timelines.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Mar 24, 2026Space Force Reassigns Final GPS III Mission to SpaceX Following Vulcan Anomaly
Page3of29

The Space Force paused all National Security Space Launch missions on Vulcan after a significant performance anomaly during the USSF-87 mission on February 12, 2026.

PlanCapabilityGeneralValue 4.0Mar 24, 2026Space Force Reassigns Final GPS III Mission to SpaceX Following Vulcan Anomaly

The February 12, 2026 Vulcan anomaly involved a visible nozzle malfunction on one of the Northrop Grumman-built GEM 63XL solid rocket boosters.

CapabilityGeneralValue 4.0Mar 24, 2026Space Force Reassigns Final GPS III Mission to SpaceX Following Vulcan Anomaly

A similar booster nozzle manufacturing defect occurred during a Vulcan test flight in October 2024.

CapabilityGeneralValue 2.5Mar 24, 2026Space Force Reassigns Final GPS III Mission to SpaceX Following Vulcan Anomaly

The Vulcan booster on the USSF-87 mission delivered its payloads to orbit, but one of its four solid rocket motors malfunctioned shortly after liftoff.

CapabilityGeneralLegalValue 4.0Mar 24, 2026Space Force Reassigns Final GPS III Mission to SpaceX Following Vulcan Anomaly

The U.S. Space Force is using SpaceX launch capabilities to maintain delivery of the GPS III-8 mission while the Vulcan anomaly investigation continues.

RelationshipsPlanCapabilityValue 4.0Mar 23, 2026RT by @GewoonLukas_: #SpaceForce is changing launch service provider from ULA to SpaceX for the GPS III-8 mission. This ensures continued delivery of the critical system through responsive & reliable launch capabilities while the investigation to the Vulcan anomaly continues. pic.

Amazon Leo plans 20+ missions in year two, including inaugural missions on Vulcan and New Glenn.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Mar 23, 2026Amazon posted a big update, giving insight into their plans to deploy larger payloads. Starting with LA-05, Atlas V will increase from 27 to 29 satellites. Ariane 6 currently carries 32, initial New Glenn missions will carry 48, and initial Vulcan missions will carry 40.

Amazon Leo’s initial Vulcan missions will carry 40 satellites per launch.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Mar 23, 2026Amazon posted a big update, giving insight into their plans to deploy larger payloads. Starting with LA-05, Atlas V will increase from 27 to 29 satellites. Ariane 6 currently carries 32, initial New Glenn missions will carry 48, and initial Vulcan missions will carry 40.

USSF-70 was reassigned from Falcon Heavy to Vulcan.

PlanGeneralValue 4.2Mar 20, 2026Thanks to Vulcan delays & then SRB woes, this has now happened: GPS III SV07 (Vulcan-> F9, flew as “RRT-1”) GPS III SV10 (F9-> Vulcan-> F9) USSF-70 (FH-> Vulcan) GPS III SV08 (Vulcan-> F9) GPS IIIF SV01 (FH-> Vulcan) GPS III SV09 (Vulcan-> F9) GPS IIIF SV03 (FH-> Vulcan)

GPS III SV08 was reassigned from Vulcan to Falcon 9.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Mar 20, 2026Thanks to Vulcan delays & then SRB woes, this has now happened: GPS III SV07 (Vulcan-> F9, flew as “RRT-1”) GPS III SV10 (F9-> Vulcan-> F9) USSF-70 (FH-> Vulcan) GPS III SV08 (Vulcan-> F9) GPS IIIF SV01 (FH-> Vulcan) GPS III SV09 (Vulcan-> F9) GPS IIIF SV03 (FH-> Vulcan)

The U.S. Space Force assigned Vulcan to launch the USSF-70 mission no earlier than summer 2028.

PlanValue 4.0Mar 20, 2026Given the USSF-87 SRB anomaly this was sorta expected, but the USSF has moved the GPS III SV10 "Hedy Lamarr" satellite to Falcon 9 for a launch NET Late-April. Instead Vulcan will now get to launch the USSF-70 mission, which is scheduled for NET summer 2028.

United Launch Alliance's next Vulcan launch, with upgrades to its solid rocket booster nozzles, is expected to launch this summer.

PlanCapabilityValue 4.0Mar 20, 2026ULA's next Vulcan launch, with upgrades to its SRB nozzles, is expected to launch this summer. Following the USSF-87 SRB anomaly, ULA is accelerating upgrades that were already in work. A static fire of this upgraded booster is planned for Late-April.

GPS III SV10 was reassigned from Falcon 9 to Vulcan and then back to Falcon 9.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Mar 20, 2026Thanks to Vulcan delays & then SRB woes, this has now happened: GPS III SV07 (Vulcan-> F9, flew as “RRT-1”) GPS III SV10 (F9-> Vulcan-> F9) USSF-70 (FH-> Vulcan) GPS III SV08 (Vulcan-> F9) GPS IIIF SV01 (FH-> Vulcan) GPS III SV09 (Vulcan-> F9) GPS IIIF SV03 (FH-> Vulcan)

GPS IIIF SV01 was reassigned from Falcon Heavy to Vulcan.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Mar 20, 2026Thanks to Vulcan delays & then SRB woes, this has now happened: GPS III SV07 (Vulcan-> F9, flew as “RRT-1”) GPS III SV10 (F9-> Vulcan-> F9) USSF-70 (FH-> Vulcan) GPS III SV08 (Vulcan-> F9) GPS IIIF SV01 (FH-> Vulcan) GPS III SV09 (Vulcan-> F9) GPS IIIF SV03 (FH-> Vulcan)

GPS III SV07 was reassigned from Vulcan to Falcon 9 and flew as RRT-1.

PlanGeneralValue 4.5Mar 20, 2026Thanks to Vulcan delays & then SRB woes, this has now happened: GPS III SV07 (Vulcan-> F9, flew as “RRT-1”) GPS III SV10 (F9-> Vulcan-> F9) USSF-70 (FH-> Vulcan) GPS III SV08 (Vulcan-> F9) GPS IIIF SV01 (FH-> Vulcan) GPS III SV09 (Vulcan-> F9) GPS IIIF SV03 (FH-> Vulcan)

United Launch Alliance is accelerating upgrades to Vulcan solid rocket booster nozzles after the USSF-87 solid rocket booster anomaly.

PlanCapabilityValue 4.3Mar 20, 2026ULA's next Vulcan launch, with upgrades to its SRB nozzles, is expected to launch this summer. Following the USSF-87 SRB anomaly, ULA is accelerating upgrades that were already in work. A static fire of this upgraded booster is planned for Late-April.

GPS III SV09 was reassigned from Vulcan to Falcon 9.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Mar 20, 2026Thanks to Vulcan delays & then SRB woes, this has now happened: GPS III SV07 (Vulcan-> F9, flew as “RRT-1”) GPS III SV10 (F9-> Vulcan-> F9) USSF-70 (FH-> Vulcan) GPS III SV08 (Vulcan-> F9) GPS IIIF SV01 (FH-> Vulcan) GPS III SV09 (Vulcan-> F9) GPS IIIF SV03 (FH-> Vulcan)

GPS III-10 will launch on SpaceX's Falcon 9 instead of ULA's Vulcan.

PlanRelationshipsValue 4.2Mar 20, 2026LMAO the swap immediately happened ULA: (GPS III-10: Vulcan -> Falcon 9; USSF-70: Falcon Heavy -> Vulcan)

USSF-70 will launch on ULA's Vulcan instead of SpaceX's Falcon Heavy.

PlanGeneralValue 4.0Mar 20, 2026LMAO the swap immediately happened ULA: (GPS III-10: Vulcan -> Falcon 9; USSF-70: Falcon Heavy -> Vulcan)

United Launch Alliance was already planning the Vulcan modifications before the February Space Force mission anomaly.

PlanGeneralValue 3.5Mar 20, 2026ULA's next Vulcan launch, with upgrades to its SRB nozzles, is expected to launch this summer. Following the USSF-87 SRB anomaly, ULA is accelerating upgrades that were already in work. A static fire of this upgraded booster is planned for Late-April.