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An independent fault investigation concluded that Boeing’s CFT likely meets the criteria for either a Type A failure or a high-visibility close call at NASA.
Boeing’s Starliner experienced two uncrewed test missions with major issues: an initial uncrewed mission in December 2019 that never reached the ISS but landed safely, and a second uncrewed test in May 2022 that reached the ISS but had several critical flaws.
ASAP identified lessons emerging from Boeing’s Starliner Crew Flight Test.
Mike Fincke accepted a prime crew slot on Boeing’s Crew Flight Test (CFT) in January 2019 and was later made backup on CFT and commander of Starliner-1.
NASA and Boeing have been working together since Starliner returned to identify and address the challenges encountered during the mission, and technical root cause work continues.
Boeing has made substantial progress on corrective actions addressing technical and cultural issues identified in the investigation report.
NASA will continue to work closely with Boeing to fully understand and solve the technical challenges with the Starliner vehicle and to incorporate investigative recommendations before flying the next mission.
Boeing remains a principal provider for the Commercial Crew Program alongside SpaceX and is collaborating with NASA to prepare future Starliner missions.
SpaceX Dragon Endeavour was docked to the port adjacent to Boeing’s Starliner on July 3, 2024.
The report described dynamics in which optimistic presentations of data by strong personalities within NASA’s commercial crew program and Boeing discouraged dissent and contributed to distrust.
A contract modification converted the first post‑CFT flight, Starliner-1, into a cargo-only mission and left three additional crewed operational flights with options for two more.
Boeing’s original commercial crew contract with NASA included six operational missions to the International Space Station after the 2024 Crewed Flight Test (CFT) mission.
Butch Wilmore and Suni Williams were the Crew Flight Test astronauts launched to the International Space Station aboard Boeing’s Starliner.
Boeing’s Starliner spacecraft was docked to the Harmony module’s forward port on July 3, 2024.
Boeing confirmed it will continue to work on Starliner and stated that in the 18 months since the test flight it has made substantial progress on corrective actions and driven cultural changes aligned with the report’s findings.
Boeing’s CST-100 Starliner has been grounded since its flawed crewed test flight in mid-2024 that returned the spacecraft without the two astronauts who launched on it.
The independent review identified three non-technical root causes for the Starliner CFT incident: a hands-off NASA approach early in the commercial crew program, inadequate systems engineering and integration at Boeing, and a program culture that accepted greater risk to support two providers.
The Boeing KC-46A Pegasus is currently being introduced to replace legacy KC-135 aircraft and its program has faced technical and schedule challenges over the past decade.
The U.S. Space Force has largely moved away from Cost-Plus contracting models that Boeing and Lockheed Martin once relied on.
Boeing’s crewed flight program was uncertain as of February 2026.