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Budget, policy, and source documents for China

This page keeps the dossier narrow on purpose: one budget table for aggregate context and line items, one policy table for narrative commitments, and one source library so users can inspect the underlying documents directly.

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Budget lines

28

Approved budget rows currently available for China.

Policy facts

38

Reviewed policy commitments and strategic posture records for China.

Source documents

44

Documents currently indexed for direct review and citation.

BudgetPolicySources
Budget

Read the budget line items

The table defaults to the most granular rows first so users do not start from broad top-line envelopes, and the narrative column stays primary so each line is easier to interpret.

Showing 1-12 of 28 matching budget rows.

Policy

Narrative commitments and strategic posture

This table keeps the structured fields light and gives the explanatory text the most space. Users should be able to understand the commitment before they inspect the source.

Showing 1-10 of 38 matching policy facts.

Sources

Source library

The source list stays minimal: document title, publication date, and a direct link. Filtering stays above the table so the table itself stays easy to scan.

Showing 1-12 of 44 matching sources.

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Year
Amount
Source

Under 2024 ultra-long special treasury bond-financed central expenditure, resource exploration and industrial information spending was 33.862 billion yuan.

enacted

This is the 2024 central current-expenditure allocation from ultra-long special treasury bonds for the resource exploration and industrial information category; it is an official strategic-investment line that may overlap aerospace or space industry activity but is not specifically labeled as space.

single year budgetIndustrial and strategic-capability investment that may include aerospace-related projects
2024
CN¥33,862,000,000
Description of 2024 Central Government-managed Funds Final Accounts and Related Policies
2024enacted

Under 2024 ultra-long special treasury bond-financed central expenditure, resource exploration and industrial information spending was 33.862 billion yuan.

This is the 2024 central current-expenditure allocation from ultra-long special treasury bonds for the resource exploration and industrial information category; it is an official strategic-investment line that may overlap aerospace or space industry activity but is not specifically labeled as space.

CN¥33,862,000,000Description of 2024 Central Government-managed Funds Final Accounts and Related Policies
Description of 2024 Central Government-managed Funds Final Accounts and Related Policies

2024 budget: 282.28 billion yuan for natural resources, oceanic and meteorological affairs spending; within this category the table separately lists a natural resources satellite line.

enacted

This is the 2024 central-budget appropriation for natural resources, oceanic and meteorological affairs, a category that directly includes the natural resources satellite line and therefore overlaps China’s civil space-related earth observation activity.

single year budgetEarth observation and meteorological satellite operations
2024
CN¥28,228,000,000
2024 Central Government Current Expenditure Budget Table
2024enacted

2024 budget: 282.28 billion yuan for natural resources, oceanic and meteorological affairs spending; within this category the table separately lists a natural resources satellite line.

Meteorological affairs: 2024 budget 160.70 billion yuan.

enacted

This is the 2024 central-budget appropriation for meteorological affairs, a directly budgeted organization/activity category that materially overlaps space-enabled meteorological operations but is not limited to space.

single year budgetMeteorological satellite application and weather space-data support
2024
CN¥16,070,000,000
2024 Central Government Current Expenditure Budget Table
2024enacted

Meteorological affairs: 2024 budget 160.70 billion yuan.

This is the 2024 central-budget appropriation for meteorological affairs, a directly budgeted organization/activity category that materially overlaps space-enabled meteorological operations but is not limited to space.

Science and technology spending under central capital construction expenditure: 2024 budget 107.03 hundred million yuan.

enacted

This is the 2024 central capital-construction budget for the science and technology category, which may include space-relevant research infrastructure but is not space-exclusive.

single year budgetScience and technology infrastructure including space-relevant research infrastructure
2024
CN¥10,703,000,000
2024 Central Capital Construction Expenditure Budget Table
2024enacted

Science and technology spending under central capital construction expenditure: 2024 budget 107.03 hundred million yuan.

This is the 2024 central capital-construction budget for the science and technology category, which may include space-relevant research infrastructure but is not space-exclusive.

Natural resources satellite: 2024 budget 0.48 hundred million yuan.

enacted

This is the specific 2024 central-budget line for the natural resources satellite item under the natural resources, oceanic and meteorological affairs budget.

Ministry of Natural Resources systemsingle year budgetEarth observation satellite support for natural resources administration
2024
CN¥48,000,000
2024 Central Government Current Expenditure Budget Table
2024enacted

Natural resources satellite: 2024 budget 0.48 hundred million yuan.

This is the specific 2024 central-budget line for the natural resources satellite item under the natural resources, oceanic and meteorological affairs budget.

2025 central government expenditure budget

requested

This is the 2025 central-level expenditure budget approved in the draft budget documents, included here as a broader government budget envelope reviewed for possible space-related lines, but it is not space-specific.

single year budget
2025
CN¥4,354,300,000,000
Explanation of the 2025 Central-Level Expenditure Budget
2025requested

2025 central government expenditure budget

This is the 2025 central-level expenditure budget approved in the draft budget documents, included here as a broader government budget envelope reviewed for possible space-related lines, but it is not space-specific.

National defense expenditure

enacted

This is the 2023 central-budget appropriation for national defense, a broad portfolio that can include but is not limited to military space activities and therefore should not be treated as a space-only amount.

single year budget
2023
CN¥1,553,700,000,000
2023年中央一般公共预算支出预算调整表
2023enacted

National defense expenditure

This is the 2023 central-budget appropriation for national defense, a broad portfolio that can include but is not limited to military space activities and therefore should not be treated as a space-only amount.

National defense expenditure

executed

This is the 2023 central-budget final-account outturn for national defense, a broad portfolio that may include some space-related activities but is not identified as space-only in the source.

single year budget
2023
CN¥1,553,678,000,000
2023年中央本级支出决算表Central Level General Public Budget Expenditure
2023executed

National defense expenditure

This is the 2023 central-budget final-account outturn for national defense, a broad portfolio that may include some space-related activities but is not identified as space-only in the source.

Central budget investment expenditure

requested

This is the 2025 central budget investment expenditure envelope reviewed as a possible source family for infrastructure-linked space spending, but the published table does not identify a specific space row.

single year budget
2025
CN¥735,000,000,000
2025 Central Budget Investment Expenditure Budget Table
2025requested

Central budget investment expenditure

This is the 2025 central budget investment expenditure envelope reviewed as a possible source family for infrastructure-linked space spending, but the published table does not identify a specific space row.

2024 central capital construction expenditure: 7000亿元.

requested

This is the 2024 central capital construction budget envelope, a broad cross-sector investment pool that may include space-relevant scientific infrastructure but is not a dedicated space appropriation.

single year budget
2024
CN¥700,000,000,000
2024 Central Capital Construction Expenditure Budget Table
2024requested

2024 central capital construction expenditure: 7000亿元.

This is the 2024 central capital construction budget envelope, a broad cross-sector investment pool that may include space-relevant scientific infrastructure but is not a dedicated space appropriation.

2023 central capital construction expenditure: 6800亿元.

requested

This is the 2023 central capital construction budget envelope, a broad national investment pool that can include space-relevant scientific infrastructure but is not a dedicated space appropriation.

single year budget
2023
CN¥680,000,000,000
2023 Central Capital Construction Expenditure Budget Table
2023requested

2023 central capital construction expenditure: 6800亿元.

This is the 2023 central capital construction budget envelope, a broad national investment pool that can include space-relevant scientific infrastructure but is not a dedicated space appropriation.

2022 central capital construction expenditure budget: 6400亿元; central-level expenditure 1450亿元; transfers to localities 4950亿元.

requested

This is the 2022 central capital construction budget envelope, which included space-related scientific infrastructure projects but was not presented as a dedicated space budget.

single year budget
2022
CN¥640,000,000,000
Explanation of the 2022 Central Capital Construction Expenditure Budget
2022requested

2022 central capital construction expenditure budget: 6400亿元; central-level expenditure 1450亿元; transfers to localities 4950亿元.

This is the 2022 central capital construction budget envelope, which included space-related scientific infrastructure projects but was not presented as a dedicated space budget.

Showing 1-12 of 28

Page 1 of 3Next
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Policy line
Narrative
Year
Status
Source

Commercial space liability and insurance

insurance liability policy

A mandatory insurance system will be established for commercial space activities to implement liability for damage.

policydirects
2025
Unspecified
Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)
2025

Commercial space liability and insurance

A mandatory insurance system will be established for commercial space activities to implement liability for damage.

Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)
Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)

Space standards and interoperability

standards policy

An authoritative, unified, open, and shared space standards system will be established, with commercial and civil standards unified where possible.

policydirects
2025
Unspecified
Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)
2025

Space standards and interoperability

An authoritative, unified, open, and shared space standards system will be established, with commercial and civil standards unified where possible.

Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)
Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)

Commercialization of state-funded space technology

technology transfer policy

China will establish mechanisms to commercialize state-funded space technology results through commercial space actors.

policydirects
2025
Unspecified
Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)
2025

Commercialization of state-funded space technology

China will establish mechanisms to commercialize state-funded space technology results through commercial space actors.

Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)
Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)

Commercial space industrial structure

industrial policy

China will optimize commercial space industrial structure by strengthening spacecraft and launcher manufacturing, expanding applications, and developing TT&C operations.

policydirects
2025
Unspecified
Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)
2025

Commercial space industrial structure

China will optimize commercial space industrial structure by strengthening spacecraft and launcher manufacturing, expanding applications, and developing TT&C operations.

Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)
Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)

Compliance with international outer space rules

international rules policy

Commercial space actors are to comply with international outer space rules, especially on passivation and satellite deorbiting.

policydirects
2025
Unspecified
Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)
2025

Compliance with international outer space rules

Commercial space actors are to comply with international outer space rules, especially on passivation and satellite deorbiting.

Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)
Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)

Commercial space sector development

industrial policy

Commercial space is to be incorporated into the overall national space development layout.

policydirects
2025
Unspecified
Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)
2025

Commercial space sector development

Commercial space is to be incorporated into the overall national space development layout.

Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)
Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)

Commercial space legal framework

legal policy

Commercial space law and associated regulations will be accelerated, including launch licensing, object registration, traffic management, and launch site management.

policydirects
2025
Unspecified
Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)
2025

Commercial space legal framework

Commercial space law and associated regulations will be accelerated, including launch licensing, object registration, traffic management, and launch site management.

Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)
Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)

Orbital safety and debris management

space safety policy

Commercial space will be supported through stronger debris monitoring, collision warning, deorbiting, and safe reentry arrangements.

policydirects
2025
Unspecified
Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)
2025

Orbital safety and debris management

Commercial space will be supported through stronger debris monitoring, collision warning, deorbiting, and safe reentry arrangements.

Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)
Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)

Government procurement of commercial space services

procurement policy

Government procurement mechanisms will be expanded so commercial space capabilities can support national space missions.

policydirects
2025
Unspecified
Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)
2025

Government procurement of commercial space services

Government procurement mechanisms will be expanded so commercial space capabilities can support national space missions.

Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)
Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)

Commercial satellite market access

market access policy

Market access will be eased through a negative list approach, and firms developing commercial satellites will not need a weapons equipment research and production license.

policydirects
2025
Unspecified
Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)
2025

Commercial satellite market access

Market access will be eased through a negative list approach, and firms developing commercial satellites will not need a weapons equipment research and production license.

Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)
Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)

Showing 1-10 of 38

Page 1 of 4Next
Document
Published
Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)
Nov 25, 2025
Notice on issuing the CNSA Action Plan for Promoting the High-Quality and Safe Development of Commercial Space (2025-2027)

Nov 25, 2025

Astronaut selection and training have reached a new level during the 14th Five-Year Plan
Oct 29, 2025
Astronaut selection and training have reached a new level during the 14th Five-Year Plan

Oct 29, 2025

During the 14th Five-Year Plan, CASC fully supported the development of China's human spaceflight事业
Oct 10, 2025
During the 14th Five-Year Plan, CASC fully supported the development of China's human spaceflight事业

Oct 10, 2025

Parade feature: Military Aerospace Force formation
Sep 4, 2025
Parade feature: Military Aerospace Force formation

Sep 4, 2025

Guiding Opinions of MIIT on optimizing business access to promote the satellite communications industry
Aug 13, 2025
Guiding Opinions of MIIT on optimizing business access to promote the satellite communications industry

Aug 13, 2025

Defense Ministry spokesperson answers questions on military flags of the Military Aerospace Force, Cyberspace Force, Information Support Force and Joint Logistics Support Force
Jul 31, 2025
Defense Ministry spokesperson answers questions on military flags of the Military Aerospace Force, Cyberspace Force, Information Support Force and Joint Logistics Support Force

Jul 31, 2025

Description of 2024 Central Government-managed Funds Final Accounts and Related Policies
Jul 15, 2025
Description of 2024 Central Government-managed Funds Final Accounts and Related Policies

Jul 15, 2025

2025 Central-level Expenditure Budget Table
Mar 24, 2025
2025 Central-level Expenditure Budget Table

Mar 24, 2025

2025 Department (Unit) Budget Disclosure
Jan 22, 2025
2025 Department (Unit) Budget Disclosure

Jan 22, 2025

Dual first launches succeed at Hainan Commercial Space Launch Site; MIIT provides spectrum-orbit and radio security support
Dec 2, 2024
Dual first launches succeed at Hainan Commercial Space Launch Site; MIIT provides spectrum-orbit and radio security support

Dec 2, 2024

National Medium- and Long-Term Development Plan for Space Science (2024-2050) Released
Oct 1, 2024
National Medium- and Long-Term Development Plan for Space Science (2024-2050) Released

Oct 1, 2024

MIIT Radio Administration organizes first collective study on international rules for satellite frequency and orbital resources
Sep 30, 2024
MIIT Radio Administration organizes first collective study on international rules for satellite frequency and orbital resources

Sep 30, 2024

Showing 1-12 of 44

Page 1 of 4Next

This is the 2024 central-budget appropriation for natural resources, oceanic and meteorological affairs, a category that directly includes the natural resources satellite line and therefore overlaps China’s civil space-related earth observation activity.

CN¥28,228,000,0002024 Central Government Current Expenditure Budget Table
2024 Central Government Current Expenditure Budget Table
CN¥16,070,000,0002024 Central Government Current Expenditure Budget Table
2024 Central Government Current Expenditure Budget Table
CN¥10,703,000,0002024 Central Capital Construction Expenditure Budget Table
2024 Central Capital Construction Expenditure Budget Table
CN¥48,000,0002024 Central Government Current Expenditure Budget Table
2024 Central Government Current Expenditure Budget Table
CN¥4,354,300,000,000Explanation of the 2025 Central-Level Expenditure Budget
Explanation of the 2025 Central-Level Expenditure Budget
CN¥1,553,700,000,000
2023年中央一般公共预算支出预算调整表
2023年中央一般公共预算支出预算调整表
CN¥1,553,678,000,000
2023年中央本级支出决算表Central Level General Public Budget Expenditure
2023年中央本级支出决算表Central Level General Public Budget Expenditure
CN¥735,000,000,000
2025 Central Budget Investment Expenditure Budget Table
2025 Central Budget Investment Expenditure Budget Table
CN¥700,000,000,0002024 Central Capital Construction Expenditure Budget Table
2024 Central Capital Construction Expenditure Budget Table
CN¥680,000,000,000
2023 Central Capital Construction Expenditure Budget Table
2023 Central Capital Construction Expenditure Budget Table
CN¥640,000,000,000Explanation of the 2022 Central Capital Construction Expenditure Budget
Explanation of the 2022 Central Capital Construction Expenditure Budget