Amazon requested a milestone waiver from the FCC and confirmed it plans to have its full 3,232-satellite constellation deployed by the end of July 2029.

Brendan Carr referenced that Amazon is behind on meeting its milestone to have half of its 3,232-satellite constellation deployed by July 30.

The FCC is taking public comments on SpaceX’s request to deploy up to 1 million optically linked satellites as an orbital data center constellation.

The American Astronomical Society submitted a petition to deny SpaceX’s proposed orbital data center constellation, calling the planned constellation an unprecedented threat to the visual integrity of the night sky.

Amazon’s petition to deny SpaceX’s application argues that SpaceX’s application lacks a specific deployment plan and a detailed satellite architecture plan and characterizes the proposal as a "lofty ambition rather than a real plan."

Amazon filed a petition to deny SpaceX’s FCC application on March 6.

Amazon’s petition to deny SpaceX’s application asserts that the proposal could force other LEO operators to plan around a constellation that may never exist, distort international spectrum and orbital coordination, and lend regulatory legitimacy to a publicity exercise.

SpaceX is preparing for an initial public offering while developing the orbital data center constellation.

FCC Chairman Brendan Carr criticized Amazon’s constellation deployment in a public post on X after Amazon asked the FCC to deny SpaceX’s request.

The FCC has received nearly 1,500 public comments on SpaceX’s orbital data center application so far.

Leading industry analysts questioned the technical and economic challenges of the proposed orbital data center constellation and its role in the narrative of a potential SpaceX IPO.

There are currently 212 Amazon LEO satellites in orbit.

SpaceX merged with Elon Musk’s AI venture xAI around the time it proposed the orbital data center constellation.

Secure World Foundation called for a system-level analysis and disclosure on cumulative collision risks, post-mission disposal performance, and aggregate interference effects for SpaceX’s proposed constellation.

HEO USA’s Holmes Mk1 camera is designed to collect space-based imagery of resident space objects to support space domain awareness, satellite operations, and national security applications.

HEO USA will proceed with sensor calibration and image optimization as commissioning continues.

Bus-level commissioning of LizzieSat-3 validated the spacecraft avionics, power, communications, and on-orbit guidance, navigation, and control performance.

Sidus Space received a series of on-orbit images from HEO USA’s NEI camera aboard LizzieSat-3 (LS-3).

Bus-level commissioning of LizzieSat-3 validated FeatherEdge and AIS sensing capabilities.

LizzieSat-3 (LS-3) provided stable and reliable hosting for the HEO USA payload.

The on-orbit imagery captured by HEO USA’s NEI camera aboard LizzieSat-3 was taken over Victoria, Australia.

HEO USA operates under a U.S. license and is expanding its on-orbit sensor network to provide services to government and commercial customers.

Sidus Space will perform software updates on LizzieSat-3 ahead of full multi-mission activation.

In 2024, HEO USA became the first company to receive NOAA approval to fly its Holmes cameras as hosted payloads on U.S.-flagged spacecraft.

Data obtained during LizzieSat-3’s commissioning phase will be used to refine on-orbit performance and support customer mission objectives.

Sidus Space has a subscription data service contract with HEO USA and is advancing toward full operational capability.

LizzieSat-3’s integrated sensor performance provides sub-5-meter resolution imagery.

Carlos de Salas is Director of Strategy and Institutional Relations at Hisdesat.

The current strategic debate focuses on the weaponization of space and on countries acquiring offensive capabilities in orbit.

Satellite networks were used intensively for intelligence analysis prior to United States and Israel attacks on Iran.

A suspension of the Starlink network on the Russian front caused the Kremlin to lose communications and targeting capabilities, costing valuable operational ground for Russian forces.

The Spainsat NG2 Spanish government satellite, despite being HANEP-certified, suffered a critical impact from a tiny metallic particle from a solar eruption traveling about 24,000 kilometers per hour.

Carlos de Salas advocates legally requiring satellite manufacturers to include controlled deorbit systems such as tether mechanisms or drag sails to expedite atmospheric reentry and disintegration.

Orbiting spacecraft in geostationary orbit at about 36,000 kilometers only need to move roughly 200 kilometers farther to be confined permanently in a graveyard orbit.

Satellites in low and medium Earth orbit lack a strict, binding international legal regime that requires their complete destruction or controlled removal.

The program argued that satellites now provide services that are a vital and irreplaceable part of modern combat operations reliant on immediate data analysis and robust information.

Fossa Systems designs its satellites so that inactive or failed units will reenter the atmosphere within less than five years.

Vicente González warned that close-proximity inspection and pursuit maneuvers in orbit carry a very high probability of causing a collision that could trigger the Kessler syndrome.

Diego M. Tobarra serves as a colonel in the Spanish Mando del Espacio (Space Command).

Vicente González is Director of Operations at Fossa Systems.

Diego M. Tobarra notes that space has been militarized since the launch of Sputnik in 1957 due to extensive military use for observation and communications.

Carlos de Salas considers the current conflict environment a new concept of hybrid war, which he characterizes as the information war of the 21st century.

The second episode of the Punto de Fuga program by Infodefensa was titled ¿Es el espacio el próximo campo de batalla?.

The Spanish Armed Forces prioritize achieving strategic balance and deterrence to protect critical infrastructure while promoting responsible, sustained, and peaceful use of space.

Miguel Ángel de la Cruz moderated a Punto de Fuga panel that included Diego M. Tobarra, Carlos de Salas, Francisco J. Girao, and Vicente González.

The panelists expressed cautious optimism about developments over the next decade and several called for Spain to build a pioneering, sovereign space industry with domestic capabilities.

The Spainsat NG2 incident was not an enemy attack and forced a rapid reorganization of Spain’s national space program and accelerated development of Spainsat NG3.

Francisco J. Girao is Director of Defense, Security and Aerospace at Atrevia.

The rapid growth of New Space and the current launch market concentration have made SpaceX effectively the only company capable of offering launches at the scale and frequency required by many operators, creating a bottleneck for European companies.

Francisco J. Girao criticized European regulatory bureaucracy across the EU’s 27 member states as reducing competitiveness relative to the United States’ more permissive regulatory environment.